Prostate Cell News Volume 10.03 | Feb 1 2019

TOP STORY

MAPK4 Overexpression Promotes Tumor Progression via Noncanonical Activation of AKT/mTOR Signaling

MAPK4 overexpression induced oncogenic outcomes, including transforming prostate epithelial cells into anchorage-independent growth, and MAPK4 knockdown inhibited cancer cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and xenograft growth. [J Clin Invest] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Engineered Bone for Probing Organotypic Growth and Therapy Response of Prostate Cancer Tumoroids In Vitro

Investigators combined an engineered bone-mimetic environment with longitudinal microscopy to test the growth and therapy response of 3D prostate cancer tumoroids. [Biomaterials] Abstract

PKCζ Facilitates Lymphatic Metastatic Spread of Prostate Cancer Cells in a Mice Xenograft Model

Researchers report the molecular mechanisms of protein kinase C ζ (PKCζ) in lymphatic metastasis during prostate cancer progression. Using zinc-finger nuclease technology or PKCζ shRNA lentiviral particles, and orthotopic mouse xenografts, they showed that PKCζ-knockout or knockdown from aggressive prostate cancer cells, decreased tumor growth and lymphatic metastasis in vivo. [Oncogene] Full Article

Preclinical Study Using Androgen Receptor (AR) Degradation Enhancer to Increase Radiotherapy Efficacy via Targeting Radiation-Increased AR to Better Suppress Prostate Cancer Progression

The authors demonstrated that radiotherapy (RT) induced AR expression in C4-2 and CWR22Rv-1 cells. They found that combining RT and ASC-J9^®, but not the antiandrogen, enzalutamide, increased radiosensitivity via inducing DNA damage, altering the AR mediated and DNA repair pathways, and activating apoptosis. [EBioMedicine] Full Article

ASF1a Inhibition Induces p53-Dependent Growth Arrest and Senescence of Cancer Cells

Anti-silencing function 1a (ASF1a) knockdown led to growth arrest and senescence of wild-type p53-carrying hepatocellular carcinoma and prostate cancer cells. Cellular senescence mediated by ASF1a inhibition resulted from the robust up-regulation of p53 and p21^cip1 expression, but without detectable changes in telomerase reverse transcriptase expression. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Effect of Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA) Inhibitors on Androgen‐Sensitive and Castration‐Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells

Researchers examined MAOA expression and the effect of MAOA inhibitor (MAOAI) treatment in relation to androgen receptor (AR)-targeted treatments using the LNCaP, C4‐2B, and 22Rv1 human prostate cancer cell lines. MAOA, AR‐full length, AR splice variant 7, and PSA expression was evaluated in the presence of MAOAIs, androgenic ligand, and antiandrogen treatments. [Prostate] Abstract

Alternol Eliminates Excessive ATP Production by Disturbing Krebs Cycle in Prostate Cancer

To investigate the mechanism underlying alternol‐induced cancer cell‐specific killing effect, investigators took a comprehensive strategy to identify Alternol’s protein targets in prostate cancer cells, including PC‐3, C4‐2, and 22RV1, plus benign BPH1 cell lines. [Prostate] Abstract

Gene Therapy for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells Using JC Polyomavirus-Like Particles Packaged with a PSA Promoter Driven-Suicide Gene

Scientists constructed a plasmid (pPSAtk) that allowed expression of the thymidine kinase suicide gene only in androgen receptor positive prostate cancer cells using the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) promoter, and used JC polyomavirus virus-like particles as a vector to carry pPSAtk for transcriptional targeting in prostate cancer cells. [Cancer Gene Ther] Abstract

MicroRNA-4719 and MicroRNA-6756-5p Correlate with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Progression through Interleukin-24 Regulation

Researchers elucidated the expression profile and role of miR-4719 and miR-6756-5p as regulators of interleukin-24 (IL-24) in prostate cancer (PCa). qRT-PCR analysis showed miR-4719 and miR-6756-5p overexpression significantly decreased the expression of IL-24 in PCa cells compared to the negative control. [Noncoding RNA] Full Article

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Role of Androgen Receptor Splice Variants, Their Clinical Relevance and Treatment Options

The authors summarize the importance of AR variants with a particular focus on clinically relevant members of this family. [World J Urol] Abstract

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Janssen Announces ERLEADA^® (Apalutamide) Phase III TITAN Study Unblinded as Dual Primary Endpoints Achieved in Clinical Program Evaluating Treatment of Patients with Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer

The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced the unblinding of the Phase III TITAN study evaluating ERLEADA^® plus androgen deprivation therapy in the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. [Johnson & Johnson] Press Release

UMN Medical School Researchers Discover New Therapy for Prostate Cancer Patients

Masonic Cancer Center members Aaron LeBeau, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Department of Pharmacology and Branden Moriarity, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Minnesota Medical School received the Prostate Cancer Foundation Challenge Award to further their work identifying new therapies for prostate cancer. [University of Minnesota Medical School (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

Macedonia Name Change Paves Way for Science Cooperation with Greece

A political agreement between Greece and its smaller northern neighbour, the Republic of Macedonia, ends a longstanding dispute over the republic’s name and sets the stage for renewed cross-border collaboration in research and higher education. [Nature News] Editorial

Few Open-Access Journals Meet Requirements of Plan S, Study Says

Only a small proportion of open-access scientific journals fully meet the draft requirements of Plan S, the initiative primarily by European funders to make all papers developed with their support free to read, a study has found. Compliance with the rules could cost the remaining journals, especially smaller ones, more than they can afford. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Keystone Symposia: Cancer Stem Cells: Advances in Biology & Clinical Translation
October 13-17, 2019
Hong Kong, China

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (Thomas Jefferson University)

NEW Assistant Professor – Translational Cancer Research (Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (University of Trento)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer & Stem Cell Biology (City of Hope)

PhD Student Position – Cancer Histopathology Image Epidemiology (Karolinska Institutet)

Postdoctoral Research Assistant – Prostate Cancer (AstraZeneca)

Professorship – Molecular Mechanisms of Tumoral Diseases (Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main)

Faculty Position – Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences (Johns Hopkins University)

Research Fellow – Prostate Cancer Pathology (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Immunotherapy (University of Notre Dame)

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