Prostate Cell News 10.18 May 24, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYThe authors uncovered a novel link between BRD4, mitochondrial dynamics, and self-renewal of prostate cancer stem cells (CSCs). Targeting BRD4 by genetic knockdown or chemical inhibitors blocked mitochondrial fission and caused CSC exhaustion and loss of tumorigenic capability. Depletion of CSCs occurred in multiple prostate cancer models, indicating a common vulnerability and dependency on mitochondrial dynamics. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Prostate cancer (PCa) associated long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcripts from RNA-seq data were identified and screened via bioinformatics analysis, NCBI annotations and literature review. Investigators identified a novel lncRNA, lncRNA activated in PCa progression (lncAPP), which was activated in PCa progression and was expressed in primary tumor tissues and urine samples of patients with localized or advanced PCa. [Int J Cancer] Abstract Nestin+NG2+ Cells Form a Reserve Stem Cell Population in the Mouse Prostate Scientists showed that a rare subset of mesenchymal cells in the prostate were epithelial-primed Nestin-expressing cells (EPNECs) that could generate self-renewing prostate organoids with bipotential capacity. Upon transplantation, these EPNECs could form prostate gland tissue grafts at the clonal level. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Xanthine Oxidase-Mediated Oxidative Stress Promotes Cancer Cell-Specific Apoptosis A comprehensive investigation was conducted to understand the mechanism for alternol-induced ROS accumulation responsible for apoptotic cell death. Researchers’ data revealed that alternol treatment moderately increased mitochondrial superoxide formation rate, but it was significantly lower than the total ROS positive cell population. [Free Radic Biol Med] Abstract | Graphical Abstract BRD4 Regulates Metastatic Potential of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer through AHNAK Investigators examined prostate cancer cell lines that model common castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) subtypes, each with different androgen receptor (AR) composition, and focused on novel regulators of tumor progression, the Bromodomain and ExtraTerminal family of proteins. They found that BRD4 regulated cell migration across all models of CRPC, regardless of aggressiveness and AR status, whereas BRD2 and BRD3 only regulated migration and invasion in less aggressive models that retained AR expression or signaling. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract | Press Release Stress-Induced Tunneling Nanotubes Support Treatment Adaptation in Prostate Cancer Co-culture assays revealed enhanced tunneling nanotube (TNT) formation between stressed and unstressed prostate cancer (PCa) cells as well as from stressed PCa to osteoblasts. Stress-induced chaperones clusterin and YB-1 localized within TNTs, were transported bi-directionally via TNTs and facilitated TNT formation in a PI3K/AKT and Eps8-dependent manner. [Sci Rep] Full Article The efficacy of methanolic extract of P. foetida laves (MEPL) was tested for the modulation of epigenetic factors in gene silencing. After treatment of prostate cancer cells with MEPL, lupeol and β-sitosterol; induction of apoptosis, decrease in cellular-viability and inhibition of cellular-migration were noticed. [Food Chem Toxicol] Abstract CUL4B Regulates Cancer Stem-Like Traits of Prostate Cancer Cells by Targeting BMI1 via miR200b/C Western blot analysis, sphere formation, and colony formation assays were used to examine the effect of cullin 4B (CUL4B) on cancer stem-like traits in prostate cancer cells. Mechanically, bioinformatic analysis was utilized to evaluate whether BMI1 was a target of CUL4B. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays were performed to identify microRNAs regulated by CUL4B. [Prostate] Abstract Researchers overexpressed glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) and observed its effect on reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress-induced cell death. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) was then upregulated or downregulated to determine its impact on preventing cell damage due to GSK-3β-induced oxidative stress. [Prostate] Abstract Y08197 Is a Novel and Selective CBP/EP300 Bromodomain Inhibitor for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer Scientists identified Y08197, a novel 1-(indolizin-3-yl) ethanone derivative, as a selective inhibitor of CBP/EP300 bromodomain and explored its antitumor activity against prostate cancer cell lines in vitro. They demonstrated that Y08197 dose-dependently inhibited the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CBP) bromodomain with an IC50 value at 100.67-±-3.30-nM. [Acta Pharmacol Sin] Abstract The authors explored if specific inhibition of Notch1 would effectively inhibit prostate cancer growth in a murine model. The androgen-dependent VCaP and androgen-independent DU145 cell lines were injected subcutaneously into mice. The mice were treated with either control antibody 1B7.11, anti-Notch1 antibody, docetaxel or the combination of OMP-A2G1 and docetaxel. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Mammary Cell News & ESC & iPSC News. | |
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REVIEWSPredicting Clinical Outcome of Therapy-Resistant Prostate Cancer Due to prostate-specific antigen’s (PSA) poor specificity, only a fraction of the men with elevated PSA will be diagnosed with prostate cancer. Tumors diagnosed through PSA screening are biologically heterogeneous and clinical outcomes vary significantly from patient to patient. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract A successful prostate cancer must be capable of changing its phenotype in response to a variety of microenvironmental influences, such as adaptation to treatment or successful proliferation at a particular metastatic site. New cell phenotypes emerge by selection from the large, genotypically heterogeneous pool of candidate cells present within any tumor mass, including a distinct stem cell-like population. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSProgenics Pharmaceuticals Announces Presentations Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that four abstracts highlighting AZEDRA and PyL have been selected for poster presentation. Poster titles include ‘A Phase II Study for Prostate Cancer Monitoring Using 18F-DCFPyL and Blood-Based Biomarker’. [Press release from Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. discussing research to be presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2019 Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSPromising Data Leads to Expansion of LuPIN Trial Noxopharm, in collaboration with St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, announced that the LuPIN trial, which is investigating 177Lu-PSMA-617 in combination with Veyonda® in men with late stage metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, is to be expanded to include an additional dose cohort. [Noxopharm (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release Hemispherx Biopharma, Inc. announced progress toward the opening of Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center’s clinical study incorporating Ampligen as part of a treatment combination for prostate cancer. Roswell Park now has FDA authorization to proceed with its Phase II study investigating the effectiveness and safety of aspirin and Ampligen with or without interferon-alpha 2b compared to no drug treatments in a randomized three-arm study of patients with prostate cancer before undergoing radical prostatectomy. [Hemispherx Biopharma, Inc. (BusinessWire, Inc.)] Press Release AngioDynamics, Inc. announced that the FDA approved the company’s investigational device exemption application for its NanoKnife® Irreversible Electroporation pilot study for the ablation of prostate cancer tissue in low-risk patients. [AngioDynamics, Inc. (BusinessWire, Inc.)] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSBrazilian Scientists Strive to Turn Politicians Into Allies Brazil’s scientists are fighting back against President Jair Bolsonaro’s plans to slash funding for research and education programs. Researchers have joined with members of Brazil’s legislature, the National Congress, to highlight the strategic role that science, technology, and education play in the country’s economic and social development. [Nature News] Editorial Taiwan Considers Double-Blind Peer Review for Grants Taiwan’s science ministry is thinking of introducing double-blind peer review to assess research-grant proposals, a trend being adopted by some journals to eliminate bias. [Nature News] Editorial How European Scientists Will Spend €100 Billion Politicians don’t win prizes for speed, but the European Union’s parliament and the leaders of its member states made record time this year when they hammered out an agreement that could supply researchers in Europe with more than €100 billion (US$113 billion) over seven years. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference: APCCC 2019 Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Nanomedicine in Prostate Cancer (Queen’s University Belfast) Senior Research Associate – Cancer (University of Bristol) Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Cell Biology (University of Zurich) Postdoctoral Scientist – Prostate Oncobiology (Cancer Research UK) Postdoctoral Research Position – Molecular Biology & Cancer Research (Augusta University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer Biology (University of Maryland) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Systems Imaging (The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center) Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (UT Health San Antonio) Postdoctoral Position – Microenvironment & Cancer (Brigham and Women’s Hospital) Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer & Stem Cell Biology (City of Hope) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Immunotherapy (University of Notre Dame) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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