LABORATORY RESEARCH Reprogramming Transcription by Distinct Classes of Enhancers Functionally Defined by Enhancer-Templated Non-Coding RNA Scientists present evidence that cell-lineage-specific factors, such as FoxA1, can simultaneously facilitate and restrict key regulated transcription factors, exemplified by the androgen receptor, to act on structurally and functionally distinct classes of enhancer. [Nature] Mechanistic Rationale for Inhibition of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase in ETS Gene Fusion-Positive Prostate Cancer Researchers investigated the mechanisms by which ETS fusions mediate their effects, and found that the product of the predominant ETS gene fusion, TMPRSS2:ERG, interacts in a DNA-independent manner with the enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 and the catalytic subunit of DNA protein kinase. [Cancer Cell] Reciprocal Feedback Regulation of PI3K and Androgen Receptor Signaling in PTEN-Deficient Prostate Cancer Investigators found that androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional output is decreased in human and murine tumors with PTEN deletion and that PI3K pathway inhibition activates AR signaling by relieving feedback inhibition of HER kinases. [Cancer Cell] Recurrent Chimeric RNAs Enriched in Human Prostate Cancer Identified by Deep Sequencing By deep sequencing the transcriptome of 20 human prostate cancer and 10 matched benign prostate tissues, scientists obtained 1.3 billion sequence reads, which led to the identification of 2,369 chimeric RNA candidates. [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] CCI-779 Inhibits Cell-Cycle G2/M Progression and Invasion of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Via Attenuation of UBE2C Transcription and mRNA Stability Researchers demonstrate that the G1/S cell-cycle inhibitor-779 (CCI-779), an mTOR inhibitor, inhibited UBE2C mRNA and protein expression in androgen receptor-positive castration-resistant prostate cancer cell models abl and C4-2B. [Cancer Res] The Selective Class I PI3K Inhibitor CH5132799 Targets Human Cancers Harboring Oncogenic PIK3CA Mutations This study aimed to clarify the biochemical and antitumor activity of CH5132799 and elucidate the correlation between CH5132799 response and genetic alterations in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. [Clin Cancer Res] Epidermal Growth Factor-Containing Fibulin-Like Extracellular Matrix Protein 1 as a Novel DNA Methylation Marker for Prostate Cancer: Array-Based DNA Methylation and Expression Profiling The aim of the present study was to identify novel methylation markers in prostate cancer (PCa) using microarray analysis, and to test whether those markers could discriminate normal and PCa cells. [Clin Cancer Res] Characterization of the Oncogenic Activity of the Novel TRIM59 Gene in Mouse Cancer Models Investigators identified two phosphorylated forms of TRIM59 (p53 and p55), and characterized them using purified TRIM59 proteins from mouse prostate cancer models at different stages with wild-type mice and NIH3T3 cells as controls. [Mol Cancer Ther] Downregulation of Sec23A Protein by miRNA-375 in Prostate Carcinoma Scientists demonstrate that the 3’UTR of the SEC23A mRNA is indeed a target for miR-375 and miR-200c, and that both microRNAs (miRNAs) down-regulate Sec23A protein expression when ectopically expressed in human 293T cells. [Mol Cancer Res] CLINICAL RESEARCH Coffee Consumption and Prostate Cancer Risk and Progression in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study Researchers observed a strong inverse association between coffee consumption and risk of lethal prostate cancer. The association appears to be related to non-caffeine components of coffee. [J Nat Cancer Inst] A Large Cohort Study of Long-Term Acetaminophen Use and Prostate Cancer Incidence Investigators examined the association between acetaminophen use and prostate cancer incidence among 78,485 men in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort. [Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev] |