Prostate Cell News Volume 2.38 | Oct 14 2011

PSA Test For Prostate Cancer Not Recommended: Panel
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force downgraded its recommendation on prostate cancer screening to a “D,” which means it recommends against the service because “there is moderate or high certainty that the service has no net benefit or that the harms outweigh the benefits.” [Press release from Reuters discussing recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force published in the Annals of Internal Medicine] Press Release | Abstract

NIH-Funded Study Shows Increased Prostate Cancer Risk from Vitamin E Supplements
Men who took 400 international units of vitamin E daily had more prostate cancers compared to men who took a placebo, according to an updated review of data from the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial. [Press release from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) discussing online prepublication in the Journal of the American Medical Association] Press Release | Abstract

LABORATORY RESEARCH

Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA) Receptor Heterodimerizes with CD97 to Amplify LPA-Initiated RHO-Dependent Signaling and Invasion in Prostate Cancer Cells
Researchers address the signaling properties and the functional significance of CD97 expression in prostate cancer. [Cancer Res] Abstract

Male Germ Cell-Associated Kinase (MAK) Is Overexpressed in Prostate Cancer Cells and Causes Mitotic Defects via Deregulation of APC/C^CDH1
In this study, researchers determined the activating mechanism of MAK and identified a previously unknown androgen receptor-independent role of MAK in mitosis. [Oncogene] Abstract

Identification of CAD as an Androgen Receptor Interactant and an Early Marker of Prostate Tumor Recurrence
Researchers demonstrate an unsuspected function for a key metabolic enzyme and identify carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase (CAD) as a potential predictive marker of cancer relapse. [FASEB J] Abstract

Expression of the IGF Axis Is Decreased in Local Prostate Cancer but Enhanced after Benign Prostate Epithelial Differentiation and TGF-ß Treatment
Researchers reveal a functional role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in prostate differentiation, underscoring the importance of the IGF axis in normal development and emphasizing the importance of accurate target validation before moving to advanced clinical trials. [Am J Pathol] Abstract

Hormonal Therapy Promotes Hormone-Resistant Phenotype by Increasing DNA Methyltransferase Activity and Expression in Prostate Cancer Models
Researchers hypothesized that hormonal therapy favors the development of the hormone-resistant phenotype through epigenetic mechanisms. [Endocrinology] Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) Associated with Metastatic Prostate Cancer
The objective of this study was to identify down- and up-regulated miRNAs in prostate cancer that could provide potential biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for prostate cancer metastasis. [PLoS One] Abstract

Clusterin (CLU) Is a Critical Downstream Mediator of Stress-Induced YB-1 Transactivation in Prostate Cancer
Researchers indicate that Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) transactivation of CLU in response to stress is a critical mediator of paclitaxel resistance in prostate cancer. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract

Liposomal Doxorubicin Improves Radiotherapy (RT) Response in Hypoxic Prostate Cancer Xenografts
In this study, researchers investigated the combination of RT with the cytotoxic agent doxorubicin encapsulated in pegylated liposomes. [Radiat Oncol] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

BRCA2 Is a Moderate Penetrance Gene Contributing to Young-Onset Prostate Cancer: Implications for Genetic Testing in Prostate Cancer Patients
Researchers suggest that routine testing of early onset prostate cancer cases for germline BRCA2 mutations will further help to refine the prevalence and risk associated with BRCA2 mutations and may be useful for guiding management options. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

A Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention Study: An Investigative Randomized Control Study Using Purified Isoflavones in Men with Rising PSA
To examine the prostate cancer risk based on isoflavone intake and equol production, researchers conducted a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral isoflavone (60 mg/day) for 12 months. [Cancer Sci] Abstract

Serum Levels of Selenium and Smoking Habits at Age 50 Influence Long Term Prostate Cancer Risk; A 34 Year Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men Follow-Up
Researchers investigated the relation between serum selenium level (s-Se), smoking and non-screening detected prostate cancer and explored if polymorphisms in two DNA repair genes: OGG1 and MnSOD, influenced any effect of s-Se. [BMC Cancer] Abstract

Impact of Pretreatment Factors, Biopsy Gleason Grade Volume Indices and Post-Treatment Nadir PSA on Overall Survival in Patients with Metastatic Prostate Cancer Treated with Step-Up Hormonal Therapy
Various pretreatment clinical findings including serum PSA, testosterone, alkaline phosphatase, digital rectal examination and extension of disease score were investigated for predicting outcomes in step-up hormonal treatment. [Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis] Abstract

$9.55 Million Grant to Improve Treatment for Advanced Prostate Cancer
A team of cancer biologists has been awarded $9.55 million from the National Cancer Institute to fund prostate cancer research over the next five years. [University of Virginia] Press Release

The Prostate Cancer Foundation and Exosome Diagnostics Collaborate to Accelerate Clinical Validation of Exosome Biofluid Molecular Diagnostics in Prostate Cancer
The Prostate Cancer Foundation and Exosome Diagnostics are announcing a multi-year collaboration to accelerate clinical validation of Exosome’s biofluid molecular diagnostics technology in prostate cancer. [Prostate Cancer Foundation] Press Release

AUA Responds to New Recommendations on Prostate Cancer Screening
The American Urological Association (AUA) released the following statement in response to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force draft recommendations on the use of the PSA test. [American Urological Association] Press Release

FDA Approves Cialis to Treat Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Cialis (tadalafil) to treat the signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. [FDA, United States] Press Release

National Institutes of Health (United States)

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

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