Prostate Cell News Volume 4.47 | Dec 6 2013

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    Prostate Cell News 4.47 December 6, 2013

    Prostate Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Elevated Levels of FOXA1 Facilitate Androgen Receptor Chromatin Binding Resulting in a Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer-Like Phenotype
    It is well established that FOXA1 levels are elevated in advanced prostate cancer and metastases. Scientists mimicked these conditions by overexpressing FOXA1 in the androgen-responsive LNCaP prostate cancer cell line and observed a significant increase in androgen receptor genomic binding at novel regions that possess increased chromatin accessibility. [Oncogene] Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    LABORATORY RESEARCH

    Androgen Receptor Splice Variant AR3 Promotes Prostate Cancer via Modulating Expression of Autocrine/Paracrine Factors
    Scientists established a transgenic mouse model with targeted expression of the constitutively active and androgen-independent androgen receptor (AR) splice variant AR3 in prostate epithelium. They found that over-expression of AR3 modulates expression of a number of tumor-promoting autocrine/ paracrine growth factors and expands prostatic progenitor cell population, leading to development of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article

    Linking γ-Aminobutyric Acid a Receptor to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Pathways Activation in Human Prostate Cancer
    Using androgen-insensitive bone metastasis PC-3 cells and androgen-sensitive lymph node metastasis LNCaP cells derived from human prostate cancer patients, scientists demonstrated that γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor ligand and agonist stimulate cell proliferation, enhance epidermal growth factor family members expression, and activate epidermal growth factor receptor and a downstream signaling molecule, Src, in both PC-3 and LNCaP cells. [Mol Cell Endocrinol] Abstract

    Optimization and Comprehensive Characterization of a Faithful Tissue Culture Model of the Benign and Malignant Human Prostate
    Researchers optimized, characterized, and applied a ‘tissue slice cultures’ model of primary human prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostate tissue that overcomes many deficiencies of current in vitro models. After optimization of the culture system, molecular and cellular responses to androgen ablation and to piperlongumine, purported to specifically reduce androgen signaling in PCa, were investigated. [Lab Invest] Abstract

    A Monocarbonyl Analogue of Curcumin, 1,5-Bis(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-Pentadiene-3-One (Ca 37), Exhibits Potent Growth Suppressive Activity and Enhances the Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin on Human Prostate Cancer Cells
    Investigators evaluated the anticancer potency and mechanism of a curcumin analogue, Ca 37, in human prostate cancer. Ca 37 presented a preferential suppression capacity against growth and migration toward prostate cancer cells compared with curcumin. [Apoptosis] Abstract

    Prolonged Androgen Deprivation Leads to Overexpression of Calpain 2: Implications for Prostate Cancer Progression
    An in vitro model was employed to assess the effects of continuous androgen-deprivation on developing the metastatic phenotype from androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells. The results indicated that long-term androgen deprivation resulted in overexpression of calpain 2 and increased expression of filamin A, but not for calpain 1. [Int J Oncol] Abstract

    Effect of Cyclin G2 on Proliferative Ability of Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cell
    Researchers analyzed the expression, clinical significance of cyclin G2 (CCNG2) in prostate carcinoma, and the biological effect in its cell line by CCNG2 overexpression. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

    MiRNA Regulation of TRAIL Expression Exerts Selective Cytotoxicity to Prostate Carcinoma Cells
    qPCR data confirmed that miR-143, miR-145, and miR-122 levels were all decreased in prostate carcinoma cell lines and prostate cancer samples from patients. Luciferase assays showed that miRNA response element-regulated luciferase expression was potently suppressed in normal cells, but not in prostate cancer cells. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract

    Inhibition of IL-6 Expression in LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells by a Combination of Atorvastatin and Celecoxib
    Culturing LNCaP cells in androgen-depleted (AD) medium increased the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and survivin, and treatment of the cells in AD medium with a combination of atorvastatin and celecoxib strongly inhibited the increase in IL-6 and survivin which is one of the downstream targets of the IL-6 signaling pathway. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

    CLINICAL RESEARCH

    TMPRSS2:ERG Gene Fusion Predicts Subsequent Detection of Prostate Cancer in Patients with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia
    The predictive value of ERG gene fusion in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) for prostate cancer was interrogated as a post hoc analysis in the context of a randomized clinical trial. ERG expression was detected in 11.1% of patients with isolated HGPIN. [J Clin Oncol] Abstract | Press Release

    Modification of the Association between Obesity and Lethal Prostate Cancer by TMPRSS2:ERG
    Researchers investigated whether obesity, which deregulates several hormonal pathways, interacts with TMPRSS2:ERG to impact prostate cancer outcomes. The study included 1243 participants in the prospective Physicians’ Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study diagnosed with prostate cancer between 1982 and 2005. [J Natl Cancer Inst] Abstract | Press Release

    Detect 7 times more prostate epithelial progenitors with ProstaCult

     
    REVIEWS
    Abiraterone Acetate: A Review of Its Use in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
    Abiraterone acetate is an orally administered, selective inhibitor of the 17α-hydroxylase and C17,20-lyase enzymatic activities of cytochrome P450 17. CYP17 is required for androgen biosynthesis, with androgen receptor signaling crucial in the progression from primary to metastatic prostate cancer. [Drugs] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Exelixis Initiates Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial of Cabozantinib Plus Abiraterone in Chemotherapy-Naïve Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
    Exelixis, Inc. announced that it has initiated a Phase II clinical trial comparing cabozantinib plus abiraterone and prednisone versus abiraterone/prednisone in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer who have bone metastases and have not been previously treated with chemotherapy. [Exelixis, Inc.] Press Release

    BioNano Genomics Announces the Adoption of Irys System by the Garvan Institute of Medical Research
    BioNano Genomics announced the Garvan Institute of Medical Research has elected to incorporate the Irys technology into their disease research programs, with particular emphasis on improving understanding of prostate cancer. [BioNano Genomics] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW A*STAR Science and Technology Festival 2014
    March 13-14, 2014
    Singapore, Singapore

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the prostate cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Clinical MD – Clinical Development Program for Oncology and Autoimmune Diseases (Immunomedics, Inc.)

    NEW Chief Medical Officer – Novel Therapeutics in Oncology and Autoimmune Disease (Immunomedics, Inc.)

    NEW Postdoctoral Position – Chemistry and Prostate Cancer Imaging (University of California San Francisco)

    Research Associate – Novel Targeted Nanomedicines to Treat Metastatic Prostate Cancer (University of East Anglia)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Mechanisms Promoting Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (Mount Sinai School of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Development and Progression of Prostate Cancer (University of Maryland Baltimore, School of Medicine)

    Scientist – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Technologist – Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate/Scientist – Antibodies Group (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)


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