Prostate Cell News Volume 5.00 | Jan 10 2014

Preclinical Efficacy of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Antagonists for Androgen-Dependent and Castration-Resistant Human Prostate Cancer
Researchers investigated the effects of the latest series of improved, highly potent growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists-MIA-602, MIA-606, and MIA-690-on the growth of androgen-dependent as well as castration-resistant prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

ALCAM/CD166 Is a TGFß Responsive Marker and Functional Regulator of Prostate Cancer Metastasis to Bone
Biochemical analysis of prostate cancer cell lines revealed that ALCAM expression and shedding is elevated in response to TGFß signaling. Both in vitro and in vivo shedding is mediated by ADAM17. [Cancer Res] Abstract

MicroRNA-224 Inhibits Progression of Human Prostate Cancer by Downregulating TRIB1
Researchers identified TRIB1 as a target gene of microRNA (miR)-224. Forced expression of miR-224 suppressed prostate cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and promoted cell apoptosis by down-regulating TRIB1. [Int J Cancer] Abstract

MicroRNA Expressions Associated with Progression of Prostate Cancer Cells to Antiandrogen Therapy Resistance
Scientists determined the association of genome wide microRNAs expression with development of resistance to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). They used androgen sensitive prostate cancer cells that progressed to ADT and androgen receptor antagonist Casodex (CDX) resistance upon androgen withdrawal and treatment with CDX. [Mol Cancer] Abstract | Full Article

Finasteride Inhibits Human Prostate Cancer Cell Invasion through MMP2 and MMP9 Downregulation
Scientists verified the effects of finasteride on prostate cell migration and invasion and the related enzymes/proteins in normal human and tumoral prostatic cell lines. Cell viability was not significantly affected by finasteride exposure. [PLoS One] Full Article

MiR-200b Inhibits Prostate Cancer EMT, Growth and Metastasis
Researchers demonstrated the involvement of miR-200b in the metastatic spread of prostate cancer. They identified miR-200b as a downstream target of androgen receptor and linked its expression to decreased tumorigenicity and metastatic capacity of the prostate cancer cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

Hypermethylation Contributes to Down-Regulation of Lysosomal ß-Hexosaminidase a Subunit in Prostate Cancer Cells
By using PC3, LNCaP, DUCaP, MDAPCa 2b, and hyperplasic prostate cell lines, researchers analyzed the ß-hexosaminidase activity in each cell line and determined ß-hexosaminidase a subunit gene expression in PC3, LNCaP, and BPH-1. [Biochimie] Abstract

Labda-8(17),12,14-trien-19-oic Acid Contained in Fruits of Cupressus sempervirens Suppresses Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rat and In Vitro Human Models through Inhibition of Androgen and STAT-3 Signaling
The ethanolic fruit extract of Cupressus sempervirens inhibited proliferation of human benign prostatic hyperplasia-stromal cells and the activity was localized to its chloroform-soluble, diterpene-rich fraction. [Phytother Res] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

ERG Expression in Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate: Comparison with Adjacent Invasive Prostatic Adenocarcinoma
TMPRSS2-ERG is the most common gene fusion in conventional prostatic adenocarcinoma, identified in about 40-70% of cases. In this study, scientists compared the expression of ERG in intraductal carcinoma of the prostate and adjacent conventional prostatic adenocarcinoma. [Modern Pathol] Abstract

Elevated Levels of Mitochondrion-Associated Autophagy Inhibitor LRPPRC Are Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Prostate Cancer
The authors hypothesized that leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat motif-containing protein (LRPPRC) levels can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. Significantly higher levels of LRPPRC were found in prostate adenocarcinoma samples compared with benign prostatic hyperplasia samples. [Cancer] Abstract

Chromogranin A Staining as a Prognostic Variable in Newly Diagnosed Gleason Score 7-10 Prostate Cancer Treated with Definitive Radiotherapy
Researchers demonstrated the association of neuroendocrine differentiation, as identified by chromogranin A staining, with clinical outcomes in newly diagnosed prostatic adenocarcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy. [Prostate] Abstract

Estrogen Receptor Beta in Prostate Cancer: Friend or Foe?
The authors summarize evidence on the role of estrogen receptor beta in prostate cancer and highlight areas for future research. [Endocr Relat Cancer] Abstract

Prostate Cancer: From the Pathophysiologic Implications of Some Genetic Risk Factors to Translation in Personalized Cancer Treatments
Combinations of several inflammatory and sex steroid hormone pathway single-nucleotide polymorphisms are found in prostate cancer (PC) patients. Thus, their combinations might be used as promising biomarkers in a pre- and post-treatment clinical PC setting. Their identification may hold promise for the realization of a personalized PC medicine. [Cancer Gene Ther] Abstract

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Ludwig Cancer Research Bestows Half a Billion in New Funding to Six Eminent U.S. Research Institutions
Cancer research in the U.S. got a critical boost as the six Ludwig Centers at Johns Hopkins University, Harvard University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Stanford University and the University of Chicago received a total of $540 million as part of a gift from Ludwig Cancer Research, on behalf of its founder, Daniel K. Ludwig. [Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd] Press Release

Weill Cornell Medical College Receives $75 Million Gift from Sandra and Edward Meyer and the Sandra and Edward Meyer Foundation to Create the Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell
Weill Cornell Medical College announced that it has received a $75 million gift from Sandra and Edward Meyer and the Sandra and Edward Meyer Foundation to expand and enhance the medical college’s distinguished cancer research and care programs. [Weill Cornell Medical College] Press Release

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NEW Graduate Student Position – Epigenetics and Chromatin (University of Victoria)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Mechanism of Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis (Georgia Regents University)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer Research (Weill Cornell Medical College)

Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cells and Bioengineering (Queensland University of Technology/Translational Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer (Northwestern University – Feinberg School of Medicine)

Clinical MD – Clinical Development Program for Oncology and Autoimmune Diseases (Immunomedics, Inc.)

Chief Medical Officer – Novel Therapeutics in Oncology and Autoimmune Disease (Immunomedics, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Chemistry and Prostate Cancer Imaging (University of California San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Mechanisms Promoting Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (Mount Sinai School of Medicine)

Research Technologist – Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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