Prostate Cell News Volume 5.34 | Sep 12 2014

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    Prostate Cell News 5.34 September 12, 2014

    Prostate Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Induction of Integrin Alpha2 in a Highly Bone Metastatic Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line: Roles of RANKL and AR under Three-Dimensional Suspension Culture
    Scientists used a highly bone metastatic receptor activator of NF kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-overexpressing a LNCaP prostate cancer (PCa) cell line as a model to pursue the molecular mechanisms underlying the increased adhesion of PCa cells to collagens. [Mol Cancer] Abstract | Full Article
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    LABORATORY RESEARCH

    SMILE Upregulated by Metformin Inhibits the Function of Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer Cells
    Researchers investigated the effect and action mechanism of metformin on the function of androgen receptor (AR). Metformin was found to reduce androgen-dependent cell growth and the expression of AR target genes by inhibiting AR function in prostate cancer cells such as LNCaP and C4-2 cells. [Cancer Lett] Abstract

    The Prostate Basal Cell (BC) Heterogeneity and the p63-Positive BC Differentiation Spectrum in Mice
    Researchers report seven BC subpopulations according to their p63, cytokeratin 14 and K5 expression patterns. They discovered that these p63+ BCs contain self-renewable stem cells in culture and efficiently differentiated into luminal cells, neuroendocrine cells and BCs in the postnatal, adult and re-generating mouse prostates. [Int J Biol Sci] Full Article

    A Natural Androgen Receptor Antagonist Induces Cellular Senescence in Prostate Cancer Cells
    Scientists show that atraric acid treatment of living cells provokes molecular changes of androgen receptor (AR) signaling. In addition to a deceleration of nuclear translocation a block of the intramolecular amino/carboxy (N/C)-terminal interaction of the AR was observed. [Mol Endocrinol] Abstract

    Next-Generation Steroidogenesis Inhibitors, Dutasteride and Abiraterone, Attenuate but Still Do Not Eliminate Androgen Biosynthesis in 22RV1 Cells In Vitro
    Castration resistant prostate cancer tumors have the ability to synthesize their own androgens from cholesterol by engaging in de novo steroidogenesis. Scientists investigated the potential of 22RV1 prostate cancer cells to convert the supplemented steroid precursors within this pathway under the effects of current clinical steroidogenesis inhibitors such as abiraterone and dutasteride, either alone or in combination. [J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol] Abstract

    Epigenetic Regulation of EFEMP1 in Prostate Cancer: Biological Relevance and Clinical Potential
    Scientists sought to characterize EFEMP1 as biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa), unveiling its biological relevance in prostate carcinogenesis. Microarray analyses of treated PCa cell lines and primary tissues enabled the selection of differentially methylated genes, among which EFEMP1 was further validated by MSP and bisulfite sequencing. [J Cell Mol Med] Abstract

    Reciprocal Regulation of PCGEM1 and miR-145 Promote Proliferation of LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells
    The authors speculated that reciprocal regulation of prostate cancer gene expression marker 1 (PCGEM1) and microRNA (miR)-145 promote proliferation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. To test this hypothesis, the interaction between PCGEM1 and miR-145 was examined using a luciferase reporter assay. [J Exp Clin Cancer Res]
    Abstract | Full Article

    A Potential Regulatory Loop between Lin28B:miR-212 in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer
    Researchers found that Lin28B co-localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the DU145 androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC). The expression of Lin28B protein positively correlated with the expression of the c-Myc protein in the prostate cancer cell lines and silencing of Lin28B also correlated with a lower expression of the
    c-Myc protein, but not with the downregulation of c-Myc messenger RNA in the DU145 AIPC cells. [Int J Oncol]
    Abstract

    Metformin Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer Cells: Involvement of the Tumor Suppressor miR30a and Its Target Gene SOX4
    Researchers show that metformin significantly inhibits proliferation of Vcap and PC-3 cells, induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibits invasiveness and motility capacity of Vcap cells. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

    CLINICAL RESEARCH

    PSA Response Rate as a Surrogate Marker for Median Overall Survival in Docetaxel-Based First-Line Treatments for Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: An Analysis of 22 Trials
    Researchers determined the correlation between PSA response rate (PSA RR) and overall survival (OS) and identify PSA RR as a potential surrogate for OS, in docetaxel-based first-line treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

    A Transient Increase in Eosinophils Is Associated with Prolonged Survival in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Who Receive Sipuleucel-T
    Scientists found that sipuleucel-T treatment was associated with a transient increase in serum eosinophil count at week six that resolved by week 14 in 28% of patients. This eosinophil increase correlated with induced immune response, longer prostate cancer-specific survival, and a trend in overall survival. [Cancer Immunol Res] Abstract

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    REVIEWS
    Genetic Variation: Effect on Prostate Cancer
    The authors examine the role of constitutional (germline) and tumor-specific (somatic) polymorphisms within important regulatory genes of prostate cancer. These include genes encoding enzymes of the androgen biosynthetic pathway, the androgen receptor gene, genes that encode proteins of the signal transduction pathways that may have a role in disease progression and survival, and genes involved in prostate cancer angiogenesis. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    Genomic Health Announces Presentation of Positive Results from Latest Prostate Cancer Clinical Validation Study
    Genomic Health, Inc. announced that results from nine studies of Oncotype DX® in prostate, breast and renal cancers will be presented. [Press release from Genomic Health, Inc. discussing research to be presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2014 Congress, Madrid] Press Release

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    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Prostate Cancer Foundation Awards $6.1 Million to 2014 Young Investigators, Jumpstarting Careers of Promising MDs and PhDs
    The Prostate Cancer Foundation awarded 27 new Young Investigator Awards selected from 16 countries to advance new drug discovery, immunotherapy, nutritional sciences, and diagnostics for precision medicine. [The Prostate Cancer Foundation] Press Release

    U.S. FDA Approves New Indication for the Use of XTANDI® (Enzalutamide) Capsules for Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
    Astellas Pharma Inc. and Medivation, Inc. announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a new indication for the use of XTANDI® capsules to treat patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. [Astellas Pharma Inc.] Press Release

    GenSpera Receives Patent on Prodrug Targeted for Prostate Cancer
    GenSpera, Inc. announced that the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued patent 8,822,406 “Tumor Activated Prodrugs.” The patent covers the composition of a specific prodrug activated by prostate specific antigen that is designed to deliver a thapsigargin derivative selectively to prostate cancers. [GenSpera, Inc.] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW 19th World Congress on Advances in Oncology and 17th International Symposium on Molecular Medicine
    October 9-11, 2014
    Athens, Greece

    NEW EMBO Conference: Stem Cells in Cancer and Regenerative Medicine
    October 9-12, 2014
    Heidelberg, Germany

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the prostate cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Scientist – Prostate Oncobiology (Cancer Research UK – Manchester Institute)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer and Radiation Biology (Thomas Jefferson University)

    Postdoctoral Position РProstate Cancer Research (Ume̴ University)

    Tenure Track Position – Prostate/Bladder Cancer (National Cancer Institute)

    Postdoctoral Positions – Prostate Metastasis Evolution (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship Position – Cancer Immunology (Cornell University)

    Bioinformatics Analyst / Computational Biologist – Molecular Analysis of Prostate Cancer (Cornell University)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer (Cleveland Clinic)

    Postdoctoral Position – Molecular Physiology in Prostate Cancer (Duke Molecular Physiology Institute)

    Scientist – Prostate Cell Research (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Immunology/Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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