Prostate Cell News Volume 5.37 | Oct 3 2014

TMPRSS2:ERG Blocks Neuroendocrine and Luminal Cell Differentiation to Maintain Prostate Cancer Proliferation
Researchers compared the transcriptional effects of TMPRSS2:ERG expression in a transgenic mouse model with those of ERG knockdown in a TMPRSS2:ERG-positive prostate cancer cell line. [Oncogene] Abstract

PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway Inhibitors Enhance Radiosensitivity in Radioresistant Prostate Cancer Cells through Inducing Apoptosis, Reducing Autophagy, Suppressing NHEJ and HR Repair Pathways
Scientists found that compared with parent prostate cancer (CaP) cells, CaP-radioresistant cells demonstrated G0/G1 and S phase arrest, activation of cell cycle check point, autophagy and DNA repair pathway proteins, and inactivation of apoptotic proteins. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Tpl2 Induces Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer Progression and Metastasis
Researchers demonstrate that tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2) kinase is the fundamental molecule provoking progression and metastasis of castration resistant prostate cancer. Tpl2 up-regulates CXCR4 and FAK to activate CXCL12/CXCR4 and FAK/Akt signalling pathway. [Int J Cancer] Abstract

Silencing KRAS Overexpression in Arsenic-Transformed Prostate Epithelial and Stem Cells Partially Mitigates Malignant Phenotype
Scientists hypothesized that KRAS activation is key in causing and maintaining an arsenic-induced malignant phenotype, and hence, KRAS knockdown (KD) may reverse this malignant phenotype. RNA interference using shRNAmirs to obtain KRAS KD was used in CAsE-PE and arsenic-cancer stem cells. [Toxicol Sci] Abstract

Androgen Suppresses the Proliferation of Androgen Receptor-Positive Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells via Inhibition of Cdk2, CyclinA, and Skp2
The authors researched the androgenic regulation of Skp2 in two androgen receptor-positive castration-resistant prostate cancer cell line models, the LNCaP 104-R1 and PC-3AR Cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

Magnolol Causes Alterations in the Cell Cycle in Androgen Insensitive Human Prostate Cancer Cells In Vitro by Affecting Expression of Key Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins
Researchers investigated the effects of magnolol, a compound found in the roots and bark of the magnolia tree Magnolia officinalis, on the behavior of 2 androgen insensitive human prostate cancer cell lines, DU145 and PC3, in vitro. [Nutr Cancer] Abstract

Obesity Promotes Aerobic Glycolysis in Prostate Cancer Cells
Scientists show that a one hour exposure of LNCaP or PacMetUT1 prostate cancer cell lines and nonmalignant RWPE-1 prostate epithelial cells to 2% serum from obese mice induces markers of aerobic glycolysis relative to those exposed to serum from nonobese mice. [Nutr Cancer] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

The Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Variant rs2735839 near KLK3 Gene Is Associated with Aggressive Prostate Cancer and Can Stratify Gleason Score 7 Patients
Gleason score (GS) 7 prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease with different clinical behavior. Scientists evaluated genetic biomarkers that may predict the aggressiveness of GS 7 diseases. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract | Press Release

Late Toxicity and Outcomes in High-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients Treated with Hypofractionated IMRT and Long-Term Androgen Suppression Treatment
Scientists assessed late toxicity and outcomes in high-risk prostate cancer patients treated with hypofractionated radiation treatment with androgen suppression therapy. [Am J Clin Oncol] Abstract

Epithelial Plasticity in Prostate Cancer: Principles and Clinical Perspectives
The authors evaluate preclinical and clinical evidence for the relevance of epithelial plasticity (EP) in prostate cancer progression and consider the potential of targeting and measuring EP as a means to treat and manage lethal forms of the disease. [Trends Mol Med] Abstract

5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors in Diseases of the Prostate
The authors summarize the history of the use of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors in the treatment of urologic diseases and discuss the current practices and indications for therapy. [Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes] Abstract

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Phase III Trial Data Suggest Potential New Treatment Strategies for Prostate Cancer
Data from randomized Phase III trials have shown a significant OS benefit in patients with ‘high-volume’ metastatic prostate cancer receiving combined antiandrogen and docetaxel as first-line treatment and have suggested a benefit of adding local radiotherapy to androgen deprivation in newly diagnosed high-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer. [Press release from European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) discussing research presented at the ESMO Congress 2014, Madrid ] Press Release

Tokai Pharmaceuticals Presents Updated Phase II Data on Galeterone in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer
Tokai Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced updated interim results from its ongoing Phase II clinical trial, ARMOR2, evaluating galeterone as a treatment for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. [Press release from Tokai Pharmaceuticals, Inc. discussing research presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2014, Madrid ] Press Release

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XTANDI^® (Enzalutamide) Receives Expanded Approval from FDA for Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Diplomat announced that XTANDI^® has been granted an expanded approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
[Diplomat Pharmacy, Inc.] Press Release

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

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NEW Postdoctoral Scholar – Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Tumor Cell Invasion and Metastasis (Case Western Reserve University)

Postdoctoral Positions – Prostate Biology and Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology (State University of Campinas)

Research Assistant – Clinical Prostate Cancer Research Group (Garvan Institute of Medical Research)

Postdoctoral Fellows and Graduate Student Positions (Vancouver Prostate Centre)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Prostate Oncobiology (Cancer Research UK – Manchester Institute)

Postdoctoral Positions – Prostate Metastasis Evolution (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)

Postdoctoral Fellowship Position – Cancer Immunology (Cornell University)

Scientist – Prostate Cell Research (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Immunology/Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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