Prostate Cell News Volume 6.05 | Feb 13 2015

Coactivator SRC-2-Dependent Metabolic Reprogramming Mediates Prostate Cancer Survival and Metastasis
Researchers determined that upregulation of the oncogenic transcriptional coregulator steroid receptor coactivator 2 (SRC-2), also known as NCOA2, drives glutamine-dependent de novo lipogenesis, which supports tumor cell survival and eventual metastasis. [J Clin Invest] Full Article

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Is Regulated by Beta-Catenin/TCF and Promotes Radioresistance in Prostate Cancer Progenitor Cells
Scientists show that aldehyde dehydrogenase activity is indicative of radioresistant prostate progenitor cells with an enhanced DNA repair capacity and activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. [Cancer Res] Abstract

Discovery of CTCF-Sensitive Cis-Spliced Fusion RNAs between Adjacent Genes in Human Prostate Cells
In transcriptome analyses of 28 prostate normal and cancer samples, 30% fusion RNAs on average are the transcripts that contain exons belonging to same-strand neighboring genes. To validate this finding and to better understand the phenomenon, scientists used LNCaP, a prostate cell line as a model, and identified 16 additional cis-splicing between adjacent genes events by silencing transcription factor CTCF and paired-end RNA sequencing. [PLoS Genet] Full Article

Ethanol Extract of Remotiflori radix Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Cell Death through AMPK/mTOR Signaling in Human Prostate Cancer Cells
Scientists used the ethanol extract of R. radix (ERR) and the PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines in this study. They found that greater than 100 μg/mL ERR caused dose- and time-dependent cell death. [Sci Rep] Full Article

A Genetic Variant of MDM4 Influences Regulation by Multiple MicroRNAs in Prostate Cancer
Scientists show using reporter gene assays and endogenous MDM4 expression analyses that microRNA (miR)-191-5p and miR-887 have a specific affinity for the rs4245739 SNP C-allele in prostate cancer. These miRNAs do not affect MDM4 mRNA levels but rather inhibit its translation in C-allele containing PC3 cells but not in LNCaP cells homozygous for the A-allele. [Endocr Relat Cancer] Abstract

Regulation of the ITGA2 Gene by Epigenetic Mechanisms in Prostate Cancer
Bisulphite sequencing of the ITGA2 promoter was used to assess methylation in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded prostate tumor specimens and prostate cancer cell lines, PC3, 22Rv1 and LNCaP. [Prostate] Abstract

Tomato Paste Alters NF-κB and Cancer-Related mRNA Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells, Xenografts, and Xenograft Microenvironment
Researchers investigated whether tomato paste could modulate nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity and cancer-related gene expression in human derived prostate cancer cells (PC3) and PC3 xenografts. [Nutr Cancer] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Phase I Trial of a Cancer Vaccine Consisting of 20 Mixed Peptides in Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Dose-Related Immune Boosting and Suppression
Researchers evaluated the safety and immune dynamics of a cancer vaccine consisting of 20 mixed peptides designed to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) against 12 different tumor-associated antigens in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. [Cancer Immunol Immunother] Abstract

Prospective Evaluation of Low-Dose Ketoconazole plus Hydrocortisone in Docetaxel Pre-Treated Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients
Chemotherapy-naïve patients treated with attenuated doses of ketoconazole had PSA response rate of 21-62%. Researchers hypothesized that low-dose ketoconazole would likewise possess efficacy and tolerability in the castration-resistant prostate cancer post-chemotherapy state. [Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis] Abstract

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Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation Grants Prestigious Fellowship, Breakthrough Scientist Awards
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation named six new recipients of the Damon Runyon-Dale F. Frey Award for Breakthrough Scientists. Each awardee will receive $100,000 to be used toward their research. [The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation] Press Release

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Postdoctoral Research – Scientist Metabolic Adaptation in Treatment Resistant Prostate Cancer (Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute in Glasgow)

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