LABORATORY RESEARCH siRNA Lipid Nanoparticle Potently Silence Clusterin and Delay Progression When Combined with Androgen Receptor Co-Targeting in Enzalutamide Resistant Prostate Cancer Gene silencing of a luciferase reporter gene in the PC3-M-luc stable cell line was first assessed in subcutaneous and metastatic PC-3 xenograft tumors. Upon validation, the effect of lipid nanoparticle siRNA targeting clusterin in combination with androgen receptor antisense oligonucleotides was assessed in enzalutamide-resistant castration-resistant prostate cancer LNCaP in vitro and in vivo models. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract Dual Inhibition of Survivin and MAOA Synergistically Impairs Growth of PTEN-Negative Prostate Cancer Researchers examined monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) expression in the prostate lobes of a conditional PTEN-deficient mouse model mirroring human prostate cancer (PCa), with or without survivin knockout. They further evaluated the combination of MAOA inhibitors and survivin suppressants on the growth, viability, migration and invasion of PCa cells. [Br J Cancer] Abstract Enrichment of the Cancer Stem Phenotype in Sphere Cultures of Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Occurs through Activation of Developmental Pathways Mediated by the Transcriptional Regulator ΔNp63α Researchers describe a prostasphere assay for the enrichment of CD133+ cancer stem cells in four commercial prostate cancer cell lines: 22Rv1, DU145, LNCaP, and PC3. Overexpression of CD133, as determined by flow cytometric analysis, correlated with an increased clonogenic, chemoresistant, and invasive potential in vitro. [PLoS One] Full Article Cellular Adhesion Promotes Prostate Cancer Cells Escape from Dormancy The authors characterized in vitro prostate cancer (PCa) dormancy-reactivation by inducing cells from three patient-derived xenograft lines to proliferate through tumor cell contact with each other and with bone marrow stroma. Proliferating PCa cells demonstrated tumor cell-cell contact and integrin clustering by immunofluorescence. [PLoS One] Full Article BM-MSCs Promote Prostate Cancer Progression via the Conversion of Normal Fibroblasts to Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Scientists found that the recruited bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) might be able to convert the normal fibroblasts to more cancer associated fibroblast (CAF)-like characteristics via alteration of secreted TGFβ-1. Addition of functional TGFβ-1 or interruption with TGFβ-1 inhibitor SB431542 led to alteration of the BM-MSCs-induced CAF conversion and influence on the prostate cell growth and invasion. [Int J Oncol] Abstract SRD5A2 Gene Expression Inhibits Cell Migration and Invasion in Prostate Cancer Cell Line via F-Actin Reorganization Researchers showed that exogenous SRD5A2 expression in prostate cancer cell line reduced cell migration and invasion. siRNA knockdown of the endogenous SRD5A2 mRNA in LnCAP cells was effective, it reversed the phenotype, and thus induced cell motility. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract CLINICAL RESEARCH Feasibility Study of a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Docetaxel Chemotherapy and Androgen Deprivation Therapy with Sequential Prostatic Biopsies from Patients with Advanced Non-Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Investigators conducted a single institution Phase II open-labeled randomized study to assess the safety, tolerability, and early efficacy of docetaxel chemotherapy plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) vs. ADT alone for patients with advanced non–castration-resistant prostate cancer with sequential prostatic biopsies. [Urol Oncol] Abstract Randomized Phase II Trial of Docetaxel with or without PSA-TRICOM Vaccine in Patients with Castrate-Resistant Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Trial of the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group (E1809) Researchers assessed the clinical efficacy of the Prostvac-VF® vaccine in patients with castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer receiving subsequent docetaxel chemotherapy. [Hum Vaccin Immunother] Abstract |