Prostate Cell News Volume 8.25 | Jul 7 2017

TOP STORY

Deregulation of MicroRNAs Mediated Control of Carnitine Cycle in Prostate Cancer: Molecular Basis and Pathophysiological Consequences

Scientists report that prostate cancer cells miRNAs greatly contribute to deregulation of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation via carnitine system modulation. They provide evidence that the downregulation of hsa-miR-124-3p, hsa-miR-129-5p and hsa-miR-378 induced an increase in both expression and activity of CPT1A, CACT and CrAT in malignant prostate cells. [Oncogene] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

LABORATORY RESEARCH

TGF-β Promotes PI3K-AKT Signaling and Prostate Cancer Cell Migration through the TRAF6-Mediated Ubiquitylation of p85α

Lys⁶³-linked polyubiquitylation of p85α on Lys⁵¹³ and Lys⁵¹⁹ in the inter–Src homology 2 domain was required for transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β)–induced activation of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) signaling and cell motility in prostate cancer cells and activated macrophages. [Sci Signal] Full Article

1,25(OH)₂D₃ Disrupts Glucose Metabolism in Prostate Cancer Cells Leading to a Truncation of the TCA Cycle and Inhibition of TXNIP Expression

LNCaP cells exhibited profound metabolic responsiveness to the treatment and thus extensive analysis of metabolism-modulating effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (1,25(OH)₂D₃) was performed, including mRNA expression analysis of key metabolic genes, analysis of TCA cycle metabolites, glucose uptake/consumption measurements, ATP production, and mitochondrial biogenesis/activity. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Abstract

Transcriptional Regulation of Nkx3.1 in Prostate Luminal Stem Cell Specification and Cancer Initiation via Its 3′ Genomic Region

Investigators found that androgen cell-autonomously activates Nkx3.1 expression through androgen receptor binding to the 11-kb region in both normal luminal cells and castration-resistant Nkx3.1-expressing cells, and discovered new androgen response elements in the Nkx3.1 3′ UTR. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article

Multiple Roles of RARRES1 in Prostate Cancer: Autophagy Induction and Angiogenesis Inhibition

The authors indicated that retinoic acid receptor responder (RARRES1) overexpression in prostate cancer cell lines represses mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. RARRES1 expression induces the levels of autophagy-related genes, beclin, ATG3 and increases LC3B-II conversion. [PLoS One] Full Article

Simultaneous Inhibition of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) and Src Abolishes Androgen Receptor Signaling

Researchers investigated the effect of simultaneous inhibition of the AhR and Src on androgen receptor (AR) signaling in prostate cancer cells. They found that co-inhibition of AhR and Src abolish AR activity. [PLoS One] Full Article

CtBP2 Is Associated with Angiogenesis and Regulates the Apoptosis of Prostate Cancer Cells

Altered expression of C-terminal binding protein (CtBP)2 affected the expression of VEGFA, follicle stimulating hormone receptor, FHL2 and SMAD3, which are closely related with angiogenesis. In addition, silencing of CtBP2 markedly increased the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells in vitro, and decreased the expression of IL-8, AT2R, CCND1 and MMP9 which are associated with cancer progression. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

Tetramethylpyrazine Inhibits Prostate Cancer Progression by Downregulation of Forkhead Box M1

Different concentrations of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) were co-incubated with PC-3 cells. The pcDNA-FOXM1 plasmid was transfected into cells before treatment with TMP. The proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities of PC-3 cells were tested by MTT assay, wound healing assay and colony formation assay. [Oncol Rep] Abstract | Download Full Article

Knockdown of TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2 (TRAF2) Modulates In Vitro Growth of TRAIL-Treated Prostate Cancer Cells

Researchers investigated the effect of TRAF2 on in vitro growth of human androgen-insensitive prostate cancer DU-145 cells in the presence of TRAIL. [Biomed Pharmacother] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

A Phase II Randomized Trial of Observation versus Stereotactic Ablative Radiation for Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer (ORIOLE)

The authors describe a randomized, non-blinded Phase II interventional study to assess the safety and efficacy of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for hormone-sensitive oligometastatic prostate adenocarcinoma, and describe the biology of the oligometastatic state using immunologic, cellular, molecular, and functional imaging correlates. [BMC Cancer] Full Article

Telomeres and Telomerase in Prostate Cancer Development and Therapy

Telomere deprotection strategies have the advantage of being effective in both telomerase-dependent and telomerase-independent cancers. Disruption of androgen receptor function in prostate cancer cells results in telomere dysfunction, indicating telomeres and telomerase as potential therapeutic targets in prostate cancer. [Nat Rev Urol] Abstract

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Augmenix Announces First Prostate Cancer Patients Treated with SpaceOAR^® Hydrogel in Israel

Augmenix, Inc. announced that the first patients have been treated with SpaceOAR^® hydrogel at the Chaim Sheba Medical Center in Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Augmenix, Inc. (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release

The Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group Announces Two New Allen Discovery Centers

The Paul G. Allen Frontiers Group announced the creation of two new Allen Discovery Centers, one at University of Washington Medicine and one at Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Each center is funded at $10 million over four years, with the potential for $30 million over eight years. [Allen Institute] Press Release

Trump Administration Chooses Georgia Physician to Lead US Public-Health Agency

Obstetrician and gynecologist Brenda Fitzgerald will direct the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Secretary of Health and Human Services Tom Price announced. [Nature News] Editorial

French Scientist Fined for Failure to Disclose Industry Ties

In an unprecedented court case in Paris, an eminent French lung specialist has been fined €50,000 and given a six-month suspended jail sentence because he didn’t disclose his ties to the oil industry during a Senate air-pollution inquiry. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 18^th Asia-Pacific Prostate Cancer Conference 2017
August 30-September 2, 2017
Melbourne, Australia

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NEW Postdoctoral Scholar Position – Prostate Cancer (Case Western Reserve University)

Academic Position – TRP Channels Screening in Prostate Cancer (Universita’ degli Studi di Torino)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (Cleveland Clinic)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Related Diseases (Baylor College of Medicine)

Clinical Research Fellow – Prostate Cancer Vaccine Programme (University of Oxford)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Functional Cancer Genomics (Institute of Oncology Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Epigenetics and Epigenomics (Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Cancer Research (Institute of Oncology Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer and Head & Neck Cancer (University of Maryland)

Assistant Member – Prostate Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Drug Discovery (The Vancouver Prostate Centre)

Assistant Professor – Prostate Cancer, Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Advanced Tissue Imaging (University of Illinois at Chicago)

Research Associate – Prostate Cancer (Meharry Medical College)

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