Prostate Cell News Volume 9.06 | Feb 16 2018

TOP STORY

Nuclear Receptor LRH-1 Functions to Promote Castration-Resistant Growth of Prostate Cancer via Its Promotion of Intratumoral Androgen Biosynthesis

Investigators report that liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1), which exhibited an increased expression pattern in high-grade prostate cancer and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) xenograft models, functions to promote de novo androgen biosynthesis via its direct transactivation of several key steroidogenic enzyme genes, elevating intratumoral androgen levels and reactivating AR signaling in CRPC xenografts as well as abiraterone-treated CRPC tumors. [Cancer Res] Abstract

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Non-Canonical Activation of Hedgehog in Prostate Cancer Cells Mediated by the Interaction of Transcriptionally Active Androgen Receptor Proteins with Gli3

Scientists described a non-canonical means for activation of Gli transcription in prostate cancer cells mediated by the binding of transcriptionally-active androgen receptors to Gli3. [Oncogene] Full Article

Aneustat (OMN54) Has Aerobic Glycolysis-Inhibitory Activity and Also Immunomodulatory Activity as Indicated by a First-Generation PDX Prostate Cancer Model

Using in vitro and in vivo prostate cancer models, the authors investigated Aneustat with regard to effects on cancer-generated immunosuppression based on aerobic glycolysis leading to acidification of the tumor microenvironment, and immune-related processes such as macrophage differentiation and shifts in the intratumoral levels of host immune cells. [Int J Cancer] Abstract

Androgen Receptor Dampens Tissue Factor Expression via NF-κB and EGR1

Scientists used the androgen dependent prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and MyC-CaP to test whether tissue factor (TF) expression is regulated by the androgen receptor (AR). They found that TF was directly regulated by the AR. [J Thromb Haemost] Abstract

Paracrine Fibroblast Growth Factor Initiates Oncogenic Synergy with Epithelial FGFR/Src Transformation in Prostate Tumor Progression

Investigators demonstrated that ectopic expression of wild-type fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)1/2 or Src kinase in epithelial cells was not sufficient to initiate prostate tumorigenesis under a normal stromal microenvironment in vivo. [Neoplasia] Full Article

Targeting Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer by a Novel Compound, Plectranthoic Acid, Isolated from Ficus microcarpa

Inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induced by different mitogens was effectively inhibited by plectranthoic acid treatment with subsequent decrease in migration of prostate cancer cells. [Mol Carcinog] Abstract

Differential Gene Expression Induced by Anti-Cancer Agent Plumbagin Is Mediated by Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer Cells

Researchers performed RNA-seq analysis on cells treated with combinations of plumbagin and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and analyzed differential gene expression, to gain insight into the interactions between androgen and plumbagin. DHT and plumbagin synergized to alter the expression of many genes that are not differentially regulated by either single agent when used alone. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator S42 Suppresses Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation

Scientists found that S42 attenuates LNCaP tumor growth not by inducing apoptosis, but by inhibiting the expression of proliferation-related receptors, including insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, insulin receptor and androgen receptor, and by suppressing ERK-MAPK activation. [Endocrinology] Abstract

Discovery and Development of ODM-204: A Novel Nonsteroidal Compound for the Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer by Blocking the Androgen Receptor and Inhibiting CYP17A1

ODM-204 inhibited the proliferation of androgen-dependent VCaP and LNCaP cells in vitro and reduced significantly tumor growth in a murine VCaP xenograft model in vivo. [J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol] Full Article

Vitamin K2, A Menaquinone Present in Dairy Products Targets Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell-Line by Activating Apoptosis Signaling

Scientists showed that vitamin K2 significantly inhibited castration-resistant prostate cancer VCaP cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner after 48 hours treatment in vitro. [Food Chem Toxicol] Abstract

Potentiating Prostate Cancer Immunotherapy with Oncolytic Viruses

The strategic use of oncolytic viruses as monotherapies or in combination with current immunotherapies might result in the next breakthrough in prostate cancer immunotherapy. [Nat Rev Urol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

FDA Approves New Treatment for a Certain Type of Prostate Cancer Using Novel Clinical Trial Endpoint

FDA approved Erleada for the treatment of patients with prostate cancer that has not spread, but that continues to grow despite treatment with hormone therapy. This is the first FDA-approved treatment for non-metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. [The U.S. Food and Drug Administration] Press Release

Cancer Research UK to Invest £45 Million in Clinical Trials

Cancer Research UK has announced that £45 million will be invested into its network of clinical trials units across the UK, one of the charity’s largest investments in clinical research to date. [Cancer Research UK] Press Release

Trump’s Science Advisor, Age 31, Has a Political Science Degree

A job that’s been held by some of the nation’s top scientists is now occupied by a 31-year-old politics major from Princeton University. And it’s unlikely to change soon, observers say, leaving President Trump without a science adviser as the administration wrestles with a severe outbreak of the flu, lead-poisoned drinking water and record-breaking disasters that many scientists say are sharpened by rising temperatures. [Scientific American] Editorial

Researchers Debate Whether Journals Should Publish Signed Peer Reviews

Scientific journals should start routinely publishing the text of peer reviews for each paper they accept, said attendees at a meeting last week of scientists, academic publishers, and funding organizations. But there was little consensus on whether reviewers should have to publicly sign their critiques, which traditionally are accessible only to editors and authors. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NIH Stays Flat, Absorbs Three Institutes in President’s 2019 Budget Proposal

Biomedical research funding was one of the budget lines saved from cuts by last-minute adjustments to President Donald Trump’s administration’s 2019 budget proposal. Still, advocates say they had hoped for more. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Annual Meeting of the Israel Stem Cell Society 2018
May 31, 2018
Tel Aviv, Israel

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Fellowship – Prostate Cancer Pathology (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Scientist Opportunities – Biomedical Research (Cedars-Sinai)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Disease Research (Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Cancer Research (Boehringer Ingelheim)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (Johns Hopkins University)

Scientist – Cancer Biology (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Nuclear and Mitochondrial Mutagenesis in Carcinogenesis (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (University of Pennsylvania)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Biology (Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center)

Assistant Professor, Associate Professor & Professor – Cell & Molecular Biology (University of Mississippi)

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