Prostate Cell News Volume 9.26 | Jul 13 2018

TOP STORY

A Novel α-Enolase-Targeted Drug Delivery System for High Efficacy Prostate Cancer Therapy

The pHCT74 peptide was used to construct a kind of highly targeted liposome (pHCT74-lipo) loaded with doxorubicin (pHCT74-lipo-Dox), which specifically targeted α-enolase on prostate tumor cells. Compared with liposomes without pHCT74 modification, pHCT74-lipo-Dox displayed a superior intracellular internalization with enhanced tumor cytotoxicity. [Nanoscale] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

M2 Macrophage-Mediated Interleukin-4 Signaling Induces Myofibroblast Phenotype during the Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Scientists found that early-progressed benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) samples were characterized by aberrant stromal hyper-proliferation, collagen deposition and increased M2 macrophage infiltration, compared to those from age-matched prostate and elderly BPH tissues. They demonstrated that the myofibroblast phenotypes observed were strongly induced only in fibroblasts from the early-progressed BPH samples, while the co-cultured M2 macrophages expressed high levels of pro-fibrotic cytokines, such as IL4 and TGFβ1. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

A Novel Flavonoid Composition Targets Androgen Receptor Signaling and Inhibits Prostate Cancer Growth in Preclinical Models

Researchers developed ProFine, a standardized composition of luteolin, quercetin, and kaempferol, and investigated its potential as a nutraceutical for prostate cancer (PCa) in preclinical models. ProFine demonstrated synergistic in vitro cytotoxicity and effectively induced apoptosis in PCa cells. ProFine markedly affected the transcriptome of PCa cells, suppressed the expression of androgen receptor, and inhibited androgen-regulated genes. [Neoplasia] Full Article

SPOP Promotes ATF2 Ubiquitination and Degradation to Suppress Prostate Cancer Progression

Investigators identified ATF2 as a bona fide substrate of the speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP)-CUL3-RBX1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. SPOP recognized multiple Ser/Thr-rich degrons in ATF2 and triggered ATF2 degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Prostate cancer-associated mutants of SPOP were defective in promoting ATF2 degradation in prostate cancer cells and contributed to facilitating prostate cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. [J Exp Clin Cancer Res] Full Article

GABA Promotes Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Secretion in NE/NE-Like Cells: Contribution to Prostate Cancer Progression

The authors demonstrated an increase in gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) levels in neuroendocrine (NE)-like cell medium treated with γ-aminobutyric acid B (GABA_B) receptor agonist. The blocking of this receptor inhibited GABA-induced GRP secretion. The invasive potential of PC3 cells was enhanced by either GRP or conditioned medium of NE-like cells treated with GABA. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Analysis of Cabazitaxel-Resistant Mechanism in Human Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Investigators revealed DU145CR cells had enhanced gene clusters of cell division and mitotic nuclear division. Enhancement of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling was detected in DU145CR. DU145CR had resistance to G2/M arrest induced by cabazitaxel through ERK signaling activation. The MEK inhibitor PD184352 significantly inhibited cell proliferation of DU145CR. [Cancer Sci] Abstract

The Deregulation of miR-17/CCND1 Axis during Neuroendocrine Transdifferentiation of LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells

The induced CyclinD1 gene could be validated as a new target gene for the repressed miR-17 family containing miR-17, miR-20a, miR-20b, miR-106a and miR-106b via reporter gene assays and Western Blot. Functional analysis of miR-17 family showed a high influence on cell proliferation, colony forming ability and apoptosis in LNCaP cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

Naringenin Inhibits Prostate Cancer Metastasis by Blocking Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels

Researchers revealed that high concentrations of naringenin inhibited cell proliferation, whereas low concentrations decreased the movement of MAT-LyLu cells. Moreover, 10 μM naringenin displayed inhibitory effects on cell movement by reducing the expression of the SCN9A gene at the mRNA level. [Biomed Pharmacother] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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EMT, Stemness and Tumor Plasticity in Aggressive Variant Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancers

The authors examine the contributions of epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT)-induced cellular-plasticity and stem-cell signaling pathways to the progression of neuroendocrine/aggressive variant prostate cancers in the light of potential therapeutic opportunities. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Abstract

Malignant Invasion of the Central Nervous System: The Hidden Face of a Poorly Understood Outcome of Prostate Cancer

Investigators focus on the molecular repertory as well as on the phenotypical similarities between prostate cancer brain metastases and primary prostate cancer, such as the cellular evolution and the maintenance of androgen-receptor expression. [World J Urol] Abstract

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U.S. FDA Approves XTANDI^® (Enzalutamide) for the Treatment of Men with Non-Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC)

Astellas Pharma Inc. and Pfizer Inc. announced the U.S. FDA approved a supplemental New Drug Application for XTANDI^®, following FDA Priority Review designation, based on results from the Phase III PROSPER trial. [Astellas Pharma Inc. (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release

Targovax and SOTIO Announce First Patient Dosed in Phase I/II Combination Trial of ONCOS-102 with DCVAC

The first patient has been dosed with ONCOS-102 at the Motol University Hospital in Prague, by the principal investigator Dr. Ladislav Jarolím. One additional trial site is planned to be opened in the UK later this year. [Targovax] Press Release

It’s Time to Burst the Biomedical Bubble in UK Research

A new study calls for a rebalancing of research and innovation funding to better meet the UK’s economic, social and health needs. [The Guardian] Editorial

Petition Asks AAAS to Remove Fellows With Sexual Harassment Records

A petition by members of the scientific community asks the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) to remove fellows who have been found guilty of sexual harassment or assault. [The Scientist] Editorial

Researchers Celebrate Rejection of Controversial Copyright Policy

Early-career researchers are pleased at European leaders’ rejection of a copyright policy that would have introduced restrictions to text-and-data mining of scientific papers. Proposed changes to EU legislation would introduce barriers to science and innovation, campaigners say. [CHEMISTRY WORLD] Editorial

NEW 8^th InterAmerican Oncology Conference
October 17-18, 2019
Buenos Aires, Argentina

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Fellowship – Prostate Cancer Pathology (Weill Cornell Medicine)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer Metastasis Research (Oregon Health & Science University)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Molecular Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer (Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine)

Assistant, Associate and Professor Positions – Cancer Research Faculty (University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute)

Research Professor – Life Sciences (City of Hope)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer Development & Progression Research (Brigham & Women’s Hospital-Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Research (Princess Margaret Cancer Centre)

Postdoctoral Positions – Ribosome Modifications (University of Copenhagen)

Research Fellow – Prostate Cancer (Sechenov University)

Postdoctoral Position – Steroid Hormone Production and Signaling (University of Rochester Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer (Moffitt Cancer Center)

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