Prostate Cell News Volume 9.38 | Oct 5 2018

TOP STORY

Reprogramming Normal Human Epithelial Tissues to a Common, Lethal Neuroendocrine Cancer Lineage

Investigators demonstrated that a common set of defined oncogenic drivers reproducibly reprogrammed normal human prostate and lung epithelial cells to small cell prostate cancer and small cell lung cancer, respectively. They identified shared active transcription factor binding regions in the reprogrammed prostate and lung small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas by integrative analyses of epigenetic and transcriptional landscapes. [Science] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Androgen Deprivation Promotes Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Angiogenesis through CREB-EZH2-TSP1 Pathway in Prostate Cancers

Neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) and angiogenesis were both regulated by androgen-deprivation therapy-activated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) that in turn enhanced enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) activity. Repressing CREB inhibited the CREB/EZH2 axis, tumor growth, NED, and angiogenesis in vivo. [Nat Commun] Full Article

ASPM Promotes Prostate Cancer Stemness and Progression by Augmenting Wnt−Dvl-3−β-Catenin Signaling

Downregulation of abnormal spindle-like microcephaly associated (ASPM) expression pronouncedly attenuated the proliferation, colony formation, and the invasive behavior of prostate cancer cells, and dramatically reduced the number of ALDH⁺ cancer stem cells and inhibited cancer stemness and tumorigenicity. [Oncogene] Abstract

MicroRNA-34a Attenuates Paclitaxel Resistance in Prostate Cancer Cells via Direct Suppression of JAG1/Notch1 Axis

miR-34a overexpression resulted in increased sensitivity to paclitaxel while miR-34a down-regulation resulted in chemoresistance to paclitaxel in vitro. The overexpression of miR-34a increased the sensitivity of prostate cancer-3PR cells to chemotherapy in vivo. Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR confirmed that miR-34a inhibited the Notch1 signaling pathway. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

αvβ3 Integrin Mediates Radioresistance of Prostate Cancer Cells through Regulation of Survivin

αvβ3 integrin increased survival of αvβ3-LNCaP cells upon ionizing radiation while shRNA-mediated knockdown of αvβ3 integrin in PC-3 cells sensitized to radiation. Expression of vβ3 integrin in LNCaP cells enhanced anchorage-independent cell growth while knockdown of αvβ3 integrin in PC3 cells inhibited anchorage-independent cell growth. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract | Full Article

Riluzole Induces AR Degradation via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in Androgen-Dependent and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells

Researchers demonstrated that riluzole downregulated full-length androgen receptor (AR), mutant ARs, and AR-splice variant 7 proteins expression by protein degradation through the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and selective autophagy. [Prostate] Abstract | Editorial

Effects of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Activated Gene-1 on Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharides-Induced Apoptosis of Human Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cells

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) significantly inhibited cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner in PC-3 cells. GLP induced the promoter activity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene-1 (NAG-1). Inhibition of NAG-1 expression by small interfering RNA significantly, but not completely, prevented GLP-induced apoptosis, and reversed the effects of GLP on poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 and pro-caspase expression. [Int J Oncol] Abstract

TUG1 Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression by Acting as a ceRNA of miR-26a

Taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) promoted tumor cell migration, invasion, and proliferation in prostate cancer (PCa) by working in key aspects of biological behaviors. TUG1 could negatively regulate the expression of miR-26a in PCa cells. [Biosci Rep] Full Article

Long Non-Coding RNA HOTTIP Promotes Prostate Cancer Cells Proliferation and Migration by Sponging miR-216a-5p

Overexpression of the HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer (PCa) cells. HOTTIP could negatively regulate the expression of miR-216a-5p in PCa cells. [Biosci Rep] Full Article

BAF53A Regulates Androgen Receptor-Mediated Gene Expression and Proliferation in LNCaP Cells

Scientists demonstrated that BAF53A positively regulated the expression of endogenous androgen receptor target genes in LNCaP cells. Depletion of BAF53A in LNCaP cells resulted in a significant decrease in growth rate. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

Long Noncoding RNA LOXL1-AS1 Regulates Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Progression through miR-541-3p and CCND1

Investigators found that LOXL1-AS1 down-regulation inhibited prostate cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. LOXL1-AS1 down-regulation inhibited the expression of CCND1 and cell cycle progression, whereas these effects were abolished upon miR-541-3p suppression. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

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Prostate Luminal Progenitor Cells in Development and Cancer

The authors describe the contribution of prostate luminal progenitor cells to luminal cell development and their role in prostate development, androgen-mediated regeneration of castrated prostate, and tumorigenesis. [Trends Cancer] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

Trovagene Announces Exclusive License Agreement with MIT for Combination Therapy of Anti-Androgens and Polo-like Kinase Inhibitors in Prostate Cancer

Trovagene, Inc. announced that it has entered into an exclusive patent license agreement with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Under the agreement, Trovagene has exclusive rights to develop combination therapies that include anti-androgen or androgen antagonist and a Polo-like Kinase inhibitor for the treatment of cancer. [Trovagene, Inc.] Press Release

Clovis Oncology Receives Breakthrough Therapy Designation for Rubraca^® (Rucaparib) for Treatment Of BRCA1/2-Mutated Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (MCRPC)

Clovis Oncology, Inc. announced that the FDA has granted Breakthrough Therapy designation for Rubraca^® as a monotherapy treatment of adult patients with BRCA1/2-mutated MCRPC who have received at least one prior androgen receptor-directed therapy and taxane-based chemotherapy. [Clovis Oncology, Inc.] Press Release

Oncology Venture Receives Authority Clearance to Expand an Ongoing Phase II Study of LiPlaCis by Inclusion of Prostate Cancer Patients

Oncology Venture A/S announced that the Danish Medicines Agency has approved an application to broaden the scope of an ongoing Phase II study of LiPlaCis^®. The authority clearance will allow inclusion of prostate cancer patients into the clinical study, which has so far been focused on evaluating the safety and efficacy of LiPlaCis^® in breast cancer patients. [Oncology Venture A/S] Press Release

University Tenure Decisions Still Gloss Over Scientists’ Public Outreach

Universities often tout their commitment to public outreach. But a new study of the internal guidelines for faculty tenure and promotion suggests that institutions don’t always put much value on public engagement. [Nature News] Editorial

Mr Smits Goes to Washington: Architect of Bold European Open-Access Plan Hopes to Garner US Support

A month after European funders launched the ‘Plan S’ initiative to demand immediate open access to scientific literature in the next two years, the plan’s creators have revealed more details about their bold scheme — and are hurriedly trying to get support from US policymakers. [Nature News] Editorial

Brazil’s Presidential Election Could Savage Its Science

A populist surge from a right-wing presidential candidate in Brazil that is threatening to upend the country’s politics could have huge impacts on research budgets and environmental policies. [Nature News] Editorial

Major Publishers Sue ResearchGate over Copyright Infringement

Two journal publishers have launched legal proceedings in the United States against academic-networking site ResearchGate for copyright infringement. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Conference: Hormone-Dependent Cancers
August 4-9, 2019
Newry, Maine, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Group Leader – Biostatistics and Systems Biology in Cancer Research (Oslo University Hospital)

NEW Assistant/Associate/Professor – Cancer Biology (University of Cincinnati)

Assistant/Associate/Professor – Department of Cancer Biology (University of Cincinnati College of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Prostate Cancer Research (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Genitourinary Cancers (Columbia University Medical Center)

Assistant Professor – Basic and Translational Cancer Research (Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center)

Assistant/Associate Faculty Position – Prostate Cancer Research (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow/Research Scientist – Prostate Cancer (Università della Svizzera italiana)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities)

Research Fellow – Prostate Cancer (Sechenov University)

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