Prostate Cell News Volume 9.40 | Oct 19 2018

TOP STORY

Alterations of Tumor Microenvironment by Nitric Oxide Impedes Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Growth

S-nitrosoglutathione, an nitric oxide donor, decreased the tumor burden in murine model of castration-resistant prostate cancer by targeting tumors in a cell nonautonomous manner. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Regulation of eIF4F Translation Initiation Complex by the Peptidyl Prolyl Isomerase FKBP7 in Taxane-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Researchers identified FKBP7, a prolyl-peptidyl isomerase overexpressed in docetaxel-resistant and in cabazitaxel-resistant prostate cancer cells. They revealed that FKBP7 interacted with eIF4G, a component of the eIF4F translation initiation complex, to mediate the survival of chemoresistant cells. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract

A Functional Genomics Screen Reveals a Strong Synergistic Effect between Docetaxel and the Mitotic Gene DLGAP5 That Is Mediated by the Androgen Receptor

Scientists observed a strong synergistic effect between DLGAP5 knockdown and docetaxel in the androgen-sensitive line LNCaP, but not in the two other androgen-independent lines. They found that knockdown of the androgen receptor by si-RNA attenuated the synergy significantly. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

High Glucose Induces VEGF-C Expression via the LPA_1/3-Akt-ROS-LEDGF Signaling Axis in Human Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cells

Investigators demonstrated that the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), autotaxin, and calreticulin were increased upon high glucose treatments in PC-3 cells. High glucose-induced VEGF-C expression was mediated through the lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)_1/3, PLC, Akt, ROS and LEDGF-dependent pathways. Additionally, high glucose enhanced the aerobic glycolysis via LPA_1/3. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

Mutations in GAS5 Affect the Transformation from Benign Prostate Proliferation to Aggressive Prostate Cancer by Affecting the Transcription Efficiency of GAS5

miR-21 and miR-1284 regulated the expression of PDCD4/PTEN and AKT, respectively. Moreover, the GAS5/miR-21/PDCD4/PTEN and GAS5/miR-1284/AKT signaling pathway was found to be closely related to the tumorigenesis of prostate cancer. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Chromium(VI) Promotes Cell Migration through Targeting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer

Researchers showed that chromium (Cr) concentration was higher in the serum of prostate cancer patients, and was closely associated with unfavorable outcomes for the patients. They found that hexavalent (VI) Cr could down-regulate the epithelial protein marker, E-cadherin, and up-regulate mesenchymal protein markers, such as N-cadherin and Snail. [Toxicol Lett] Abstract

Protocadherin B9 Promotes Resistance to Bicalutamide and Is Associated with the Survival of Prostate Cancer Patients

The authors revealed that the expression of PCDHB9 was much higher in prostate cancer than that in non-neoplastic prostate tissues. They showed that PCDHB9 modulated cell migration and adhesion. They also found that PCDHB9 induced the expression of ITGB6 based on a gene expression analysis. [Prostate] Abstract

Inhibition of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Potentiates the Apoptotic and Antimetastatic Effects of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors on Metastatic DU145 and PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells

Purvalanol and roscovitine induced mitochondria membrane potential loss-dependent apoptotic cell death, which was also characterized by activation of several caspases, cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 in DU145 and PC3 cells. Cotreatment of either purvalanol or roscovitine with ERK1/2 inhibitor, U0126, synergistically suppressed cell proliferation, and induced apoptotic action. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

Anti-Proliferative Effects of HBX-5 on Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Scientists revealed that HBX-5 significantly decreased the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. In addition, they showed that HBX-5 inhibited the over-expression of AR and PSA in DHT-induced prostate hyperplastic microenvironments. [Molecules] Full Article

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Cell Death in Cancer in the Era of Precision Medicine

The authors briefly list some classes of target drugs and discuss the application of immunotherapy in tumors that in recent years has drastically changed the prognostic outlook of aggressive cancers. [Genes Immun] Abstract

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Clovis Oncology Presents Initial Results from the Ongoing Rubraca^® (Rucaparib) TRITON Program in Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC)

Clovis Oncology, Inc. announced initial data from its ongoing Phase II TRITON2 clinical trial of Rubraca. [Press release from Clovis Oncology, Inc. discussing research to be presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2018 Congress, Munich] Press Release

Blue Earth Diagnostics Announces Fluciclovine F 18 Research Presentations

Blue Earth Diagnostics announced that oral and poster presentations related to the clinical use of fluciclovine F 18 injection will be occurring. [Press release from Blue Earth Diagnostics discussing research to be presented at the 2018 American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Annual Meeting, San Antonio] Press Release

OncBioMune Signs Work Order for Phase II Clinical Trial of ProscaVax for Late Stage Prostate Cancer

OncBioMune Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced the signing of a work order with leading Contract Research Organization, Theradex Oncology, detailing the scope to be provided by Theradex for a clinical trial titled, “A Phase II Study of a PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine for the Treatment of PSA-Recurrent Prostate Cancer in Hormone-Naïve Patients.” [OncBioMune Pharmaceuticals Inc. (GlobeNewswire, Inc.)] Press Release

First Prostate Cancer Patient Included in Oncology Venture’s Phase II Study of Irofulven for Personalized Treatment

Oncology Venture A/S announced the inclusion of the first patient in a Phase II study of Irofulven – a drug candidate that exploits cancer cells’ deficiency in DNA repair mechanisms. Irofulven has demonstrated effect in prostate cancer and the objective of the study, which is expected to enroll a total of 13-27 patients. [Oncology Venture] Press Release

Sensei Biotherapeutics Reports Results from Phase I Clinical Trial of SNS-301, a First-in-Class Cancer Immunotherapy Targeting ASPH, a Novel Tumor-Specific Antigen

Sensei Biotherapeutics, Inc. announced the results of the Phase I clinical trial evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of SNS-301 in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. [Sensei Biotherapeutics] Press Release

Novartis Announces Planned Acquisition of Endocyte to Expand Expertise in Radiopharmaceuticals and Build on Commitment to Transformational Therapeutic Platforms

Novartis announced that it has entered into an agreement and plan of merger with Endocyte. Endocyte uses drug conjugation technology to develop targeted therapies with companion imaging agents, including ¹⁷⁷Lu-PSMA-617, a potential first-in-class investigational radioligand therapy for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. [Novartis AG] Press Release

Outsider Takes Helm at Indian Research Giant

Shekhar Mande, a structural biologist, took over as director-general of India’s Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), headquartered in New Delhi, which operates a network of 40 research labs around the country. Mande is the first outsider to take on the top job at CSIR since 1984. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Researchers behind Biogen’s Breakthrough Drug Win Big at ‘Oscars of Science’

Two scientists behind Biogen’s rare disease treatment Spinraza won the richest award in the life sciences, splitting a $3 million prize and a turn on stage at a star-studded ceremony next month. [STAT News] Editorial

Journal Blacklists: Show Your Working

This January, China was reported as overtaking the United States to become the largest producer of scientific papers. There is one major caveat, however, which consoles those who worry about China’s rise and worries those who cheer for it: a lot of those Chinese publications are of poor quality. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 15^th Annual Stem Cell Symposium: Stem Cells B2B – Bench to Bedside
February 1, 2019
Los Angeles, California, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Group Leader – Cancer Biology and/or Therapy (Institute of Oncology Research Universita della Svizzera Italiana)

NEW PhD Studentships – Cancer Research (The Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Immunotherapy (University of Notre Dame)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Disease Research (Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine)

Group Leader – Biostatistics and Systems Biology in Cancer Research (Oslo University Hospital)

Assistant/Associate/Professor – Cancer Biology (University of Cincinnati)

Postdoctoral Fellows – Prostate Cancer Research (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Genitourinary Cancers (Columbia University Medical Center)

Assistant Professor – Basic and Translational Cancer Research (Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities)

Research Fellow – Prostate Cancer (Sechenov University)

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