Pulmonary Cell News Volume 2.47 | Nov 28 2013

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    Pulmonary Cell News 2.47 November 28, 2013

    Pulmonary Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    MUC1 in Macrophage Contributions to Cigarette Smoke-Induced Lung Cancer
    Researchers found that cigarette smoke (CS) increases Muc1 expression in lung macrophages, where they hypothesized it might contribute to CS-induced transformation of bronchial epithelial cells. [Cancer Res] Abstract
    View On-Demand Webinar: Optimized Differentiation of Bronchial Epithelial Cells

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Thrombin-Induced CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein β Activation and IL-8/CXCL8 Expression via MEKK1, ERK, and p90 Ribosomal S6 Kinase 1 in Lung Epithelial Cells
    Scientists investigated the role of the MEK kinase (MEKK)1/ERK/p90 ribosomal S6 kinase-1-dependent C/EBPβ signaling pathway in thrombin-induced IL-8/CXCL8 expression. Thrombin-induced IL-8/CXCL8 release and IL-8/CXCL8-luciferase activity were attenuated by small interfering RNA of C/EBPβ and by cells transfected with the C/EBPβ site mutation of the IL-8/CXCL8 construct. [J Immunol] Abstract

    A Transcriptomic Approach to Elucidate the Physiological Significance of Human Cytochrome P450 2S1 in Bronchial Epithelial Cells
    Two human bronchial epithelial cells were constructed to represent chronic depletion of cytochrome P450 2S1 (CYP2S1) using short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) silencing directed toward the 3’UTR and exon 3 of the CYP2S1 gene and compared with a non-targeting shRNA control. [BMC Genomics] Abstract | Full Article

    Thrombin Increases Lung Fibroblast Survival while Promoting Alveolar Epithelial Cell Apoptosis via the ER Stress Marker CHOP
    Researchers observed that thrombin, which is over-expressed in scleroderma and other interstitial lung diseases, increases the expression of CCAAT enhancer-binding homologous protein (CHOP) in primary alveolar epithelial cells and in A549 cells via an Ets1-dependent pathway. [Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol] Abstract

    The Impact of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma on Human Nasal and Bronchial Epithelial Gene Expression
    Researchers defined gene expression profiles of primary nasal and bronchial epithelial cells from the same individuals and examined the impact of allergic rhinitis with and without concomitant allergic asthma on expression profiles. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Cross-Linking of Thioredoxin Reductase by the Sulfur Mustard Analog Mechlorethamine (Methyl Bis[2-Chloroethyl] Amine) in Human Lung Epithelial Cells and Rat Lung: Selective Inhibition of Disulfide Reduction but Not Redox Cycling
    Investigators report that mechlorethamine inhibits the cytosolic thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)1 and mitochondrial (TrxR2) forms of TrxR in A549 lung epithelial cells. [Chem Res Toxicol] Abstract

    LUNG CANCER

    Gefitinib Resistance Resulted from STAT3-Mediated Akt Activation in Lung Cancer Cells
    Scientists discovered a STAT3-dependent Akt activation that impairs the efficacy of gefitinib. Mechanistically, gefitinib increased association of EGFR with STAT3, which de-repressed STAT3 from SOCS3, an upstream suppressor of STAT3. Such a de-repression of STAT3 in turn fostered Akt activation. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 abrogated Akt activation and combined gefitinib with STAT3 inhibition synergistically reduced the growth of the tumor cells. [Oncotarget] Abstract

    [6]-Shogaol Inhibits Growth and Induces Apoptosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Directly Regulating Akt1/2
    Researchers revealed that ginger components, including [6]-shogaol, [6]-paradol and [6]-gingerol, appear to be potential candidates for the prevention and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Among the compounds, [6]-shogaol showed the greatest inhibitory effects on the NSCLC cell proliferation and anchorage-independent growth. [Carcinogenesis] Abstract

    PA28gamma Emerges as a Novel Functional Target of Tumor Suppressor MicroRNA-7 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
    Researchers found that the expression of microRNA-7 was significantly downregulated not only in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, but also in human NSCLC tissues compared with the matched adjacent tissues. [Brit J Cancer] Abstract

    Plumbagin Induces Apoptotic and Autophagic Cell Death through Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
    Researchers found that plumbagin (PLB) has a potent pro-apoptotic and pro-autophagic effect on A549 and H23 cells. PLB arrests cells in G2/M phase, and increases the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species in both cell lines. [Cancer Lett] Abstract

    Arsenite Evokes IL-6 Secretion, Autocrine Regulation of STAT3 Signaling, and miR-21 Expression, Processes Involved in the EMT and Malignant Transformation of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
    Scientists showed that, evoked by arsenite, secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) led to the activation of STAT3 and to increased levels of a microRNA, miR-21. For human bronchial epithelial cells, cultured in the presence of anti-IL-6 antibody for three days, the arsenite-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and malignant transformation were reversed. [Toxicol Appl Pharmacol] Abstract

    PneumaCult™-ALI Medium for Bronchial Epithelial Cells: Watch the Video

     
    REVIEWS
    The Biological Role of PI3K Pathway in Lung Cancer
    In this review, the authors investigate thoroughly the biological role of PI3K pathway in lung cancer and its contribution in the development of future therapeutic strategies. [Pharmaceuticals] Abstract | Full Article

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    FibroGen Announces Observations of Possible Disease Stabilization and Improvement in Interim Analysis of Phase II Study of FG-3019 as Treatment for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
    FibroGen, Inc. announced that interim results from an ongoing open-label Phase II clinical study to evaluate FG-3019 as a treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis continue to suggest that the investigational drug has the potential to stabilize and improve fibrosis in patients with the disease. [FibroGen, Inc.] Press Release

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    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Eisai Joins Groundbreaking Tuberculosis Drug Accelerator Partnership to Discover New Tuberculosis Drugs
    Eisai Co., Ltd. announced that it has become a signatory to the Tuberculosis Drug Accelerator partnership, a groundbreaking initiative that aims to speed up the discovery of essential new treatments for tuberculosis. [Eisai Co., Ltd.] Press Release

    CSL Behring Launches Innovative Test Kit Designed to Improve Diagnosis of Alpha-1
    CSL Behring announced the availability of DNA1 Advanced Alpha-1 ScreeningTM (DNA1), a new test that aims to improve diagnosis of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (Alpha-1). Launched during Alpha-1 Awareness Month, DNA1 is the only comprehensive Alpha-1 test available that identifies known and unknown clinically relevant genetic variants to help physicians achieve an accurate diagnosis. [CSL Behring] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW Gordon Research Conference: Biology of Acute Respiratory Infection
    February 23-28, 2014
    Lucca, Italy

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the pulmonary cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW PhD Position – Genetics of Non-Smoker Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders (Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Metabolomics of Pulmonary Medicine (Karolinska Institute)

    Research Fellow – Influence of the Lung Microbiome on Host Immune Response to Respiratory Pathogens (Queen’s University Belfast)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Respiratory Research (Karolinska Institute)

    PhD Studentship – Epithelial Surfaces in the Lung (University of East Anglia)

    Postdoctoral Research Associate – Airway Innate Defense and Biology (University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill)

    Scientist – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Technologist – Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Research Associate/Scientist – Antibodies Group (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)


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