Pulmonary Cell News Volume 3.03 | Jan 30 2014

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    Pulmonary Cell News 3.03 January 30, 2014

    Pulmonary Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Researchers Reverse Some Lung Diseases in Mice by Coaxing Production of Healthy Cells
    It may be possible one day to treat several lung diseases by introducing proteins that direct lung stem cells to grow the specific cell types needed to repair the lung injuries involved in the conditions, according to new research. [Press release from EurekAlert! discussing online prepublication in Cell]
    Press Release | Abstract | Graphical Abstract | Image
    PneumaCultâ„¢-ALI Medium for Bronchial Epithelial Cells: Watch the Video

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Conditions Associated with the Cystic Fibrosis Defect Promote Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection
    Researchers studied P. aeruginosa isolates grown in agar and mucus gels containing sputum from cystic fibrosis patients and measured their susceptibility to killing by antibiotics and host defenses. They also measured the invasive virulence of P. aeruginosa grown in sputum gels using airway epithelial cells and a murine infection model. [Am J Respir Crit Care Med] Abstract

    Free Radical Scavenging and Formation by Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Cell Free Conditions and in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
    Researchers investigated the effect of bovine serum albumin and cell culture medium with and without BEAS 2B cells on radical formation/scavenging by five multi-walled carbon nanotubes, Printex 90 carbon black, crocidolite asbestos, and glass wool, using electron spin resonance spectroscopy and linked this to cytotoxic effects measured by trypan blue exclusion assay. [Part Fibre Toxicol] Abstract | Full Article

    Comparative Decellularization and Recellularization of Normal Versus Emphysematous Human Lungs
    Inoculation of human bronchial epithelial cells, endothelial progenitor cells, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and lung fibroblasts via airway or vascular routes into small, excised segments of decellularized lungs demonstrated that normal lung scaffolds robustly supported initial engraftment and growth of each cell type for up to one month. [Biomaterials] Abstract

    Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Agonists Increase Airway Epithelial Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity
    Researchers investigated the detailed mechanisms of how AhR agonists modulated the expressions and activities of matrix metalloproteinases in bronchial epithelial cells. [J Mol Med] Full Article

    Effects of Vitamin D on Airway Epithelial Cell Morphology and Rhinovirus Replication
    Scientists hypothesized that vitamin D could directly reduce rhinovirus (RV) replication in airway epithelium. Primary human bronchial epithelial cells were treated with vitamin D, and RV replication and gene expression were evaluated by quantitative PCR. [PLoS One] Full Article

    A-Kinase Anchoring Proteins Contribute to Loss of E-Cadherin and Bronchial Epithelial Barrier by Cigarette Smoke
    Scientists studied the role of A-kinase anchoring proteins in regulating human bronchial epithelial (HBE) barrier. Cigarette smoke extract reduced barrier function in 16HBE cells and the expression of the adhesion molecule E-cadherin specifically at the cell membrane. [Am J Physiol Cell Physiol] Abstract

    LUNG CANCER

    Antioxidants Accelerate Lung Cancer Progression in Mice
    N-acetylcysteine and vitamin E increase tumor cell proliferation by reducing reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and p53 expression in mouse and human lung tumor cells. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release

    Inhibition of KRAS-Driven Tumorigenicity by Interruption of an Autocrine Cytokine Circuit
    Researchers showed that the IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKKe promote KRAS-driven tumorigenesis by regulating autocrine CCL5 and IL-6 and identify CYT387 as a potent JAK/TBK1/IKKe inhibitor. [Cancer Discov] Abstract | Press Release

    MicroRNA-193a-3p and -5p Suppress the Metastasis of Human Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer by Downregulating the ERBB4/PIK3R3/mTOR/S6K2 Signaling Pathway
    By comparing the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of SPC-A-1sci and SPC-A-1 cells, researchers demonstrated that the downregulation and function of miR-193a-3p and miR-193a-5p in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis and the expression of these miRNAs was suppressed in NSCLC compared with corresponding non-tumorous tissues. [Oncogene] Abstract

    The Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Causes Acquired Resistance to Erlotinib in Lung Cancer Cells with the Wild-Type Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
    Researchers used H358 lung adenocarcinoma cells lacking epidermal growth factor receptor mutations that showed modest sensitivity to erlotinib. The H358 cells acquired resistance to erlotinib via chronic exposure to the drug. [Int J Cancer] Abstract

    Mcl-1 Mediates TWEAK/Fn14-Induced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Survival and Therapeutic Response
    A role was determined for TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)-FGF-inducible 14 (Fn14) pro-survival signaling in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through the up-regulation of myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 (Mcl-1). Depletion of Mcl-1 via siRNA or pharmacological inhibition of Mcl-1, using EU-5148, sensitized TWEAK-treated NSCLC cells to cisplatin- or radiation-mediated inhibition of cell survival. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract

    Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Potentiates Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis
    Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were examined in vitro for colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1)/CSF1R. A549-luc cells were injected intracardiac in NOD/SCID mice and metastasis was assessed. Scientists showed that A549 cells express CSF1/CSF1R; CSF1 increased their proliferation and invasion, whereas soluble CSF1R inhibited invasion. [Lab Invest] Abstract

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    REVIEWS
    Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitors in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
    Preclinical studies and early clinical trials have confirmed the efficacy of Hsp90 inhibition as a targeted therapy in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ongoing trials will further define the utility of Hsp90 inhibitors in NSCLC. [Curr Opin Oncol] Abstract

    The Clinical Relevance of KRAS Gene Mutation in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
    Recent data indicated that the prognostic role of mutant KRAS in lung adenocarcinomas in Asian patients is evident, while more research is necessary in non-Asian populations. Studies also suggest the potential predictive role of mutant KRAS in the context of chemosensitivity of nonsmall cell lung cancer which may depend on the individual drug types. [Curr Opin Oncol] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Prosonix Reports Positive Top-Line Results from Its Phase II Clinical Study with PSX1002 in Moderate to Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
    Prosonix announced positive top-line results from its Phase II clinical study with PSX1002 in patients with moderate to severe COPD. PSX1002 is a novel, particle-engineered, drug-only suspension formulation of the long-acting muscarinic antagonist, glycopyrronium bromide, which is in development by Prosonix as a potential, once-daily, orally inhaled monotherapy for COPD. [Prosonix Ltd] Press Release

    Pfizer Announces Top-Line Results from Two Phase III Trials Of Dacomitinib In Patients with Refractory Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
    Pfizer Inc. announced top-line results from two randomized Phase III studies of the irreversible pan-HER kinase inhibitor dacomitinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. [Pfizer Inc.] Press Release

    Boehringer Ingelheim and Duke Clinical Research Institute Form Collaborative Partnership to Study the Natural History of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)
    Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Duke Clinical Research Institute have formed a unique collaborative relationship to uncover insights into IPF, a progressive and fatal lung disease. [Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

    Minister Sherlock Opens Ireland’s First Human Use Stem Cell Manufacturing Facility at NUI Galway
    The Centre for Cell Manufacturing Ireland at National University of Ireland Galway is the first ever facility on the island of Ireland to receive a license from the Irish Medicines Board to manufacture culture-expanded stem cells for human use. [National University of Ireland, Galway] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW American Thoracic Society (ATS) 2014
    May 16-21, 2014
    San Diego, United States

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the pulmonary cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Research Associate (Assistant Professor) – Pulmonary Medicine (University of Chicago)

    NEW PhD Studentships in Pulmonary Medicine (University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center)

    NEW Chair in Lung Cancer Research (The University of Manchester)

    NEW Postdoctoral Scholar – Molecular Mechanisms of Lung Cancer, Lung Regeneration and Lung Development (UCSF)

    Postdoctoral Position – Metabolomics of Pulmonary Medicine (Karolinska Institute)

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Respiratory Science and Medicine (European Respiratory Society)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Role of Stem Cells in Chronic Lung Disease (MedImmune)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Lung Development, Injury/Repair and Fibrosis (Mayo Clinic)

    Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Professor – Lung Biology or Pulmonary and Critical Care Diseases (Boston University School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center)


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