The Hippo Pathway Effector Yap Controls Patterning and Differentiation of Airway Epithelial Progenitors Scientists provide evidence that the Hippo pathway effector Yap is a key regulator of this process in the developing lung. They show that when epithelial tubules are forming and branching, a nucleocytoplasmic shift in Yap localization marks the boundary between the airway and the distal lung compartments. [Dev Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Oxidative Stress and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Response of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Exposed to Petro- or Biodiesel Exhaust Treated with a Diesel Particulate Filter Researchers exposed well-differentiated normal human bronchial epithelial cells to fresh, complete exhaust from a diesel engine run with and without a diesel particulate filter and using either traditional petro- or alternative biodiesel. [Toxicol Sci] Abstract Ozone Induced Airway Epithelial Cell Death, the Neurokinin-1 Receptor Pathway and the Postnatal Developing Lung Scientists hypothesized that substance P, neurokinin-1 receptor (SP/NK-1R) pathway expression is disrupted by acute ozone exposure during postnatal airway development. They found that ozone increases the SP/NK-1R pathway expression in conducting airways and overall inflammation and cell death in distal airways. [Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol] Abstract Alpha-Klotho Protects against Oxidative Damage in Pulmonary Epithelia Investigators used in vivo and in vitro models to test whether αKlotho protects lung epithelia against injury. Studies were performed in A549 lung epithelial cells and/or primary culture of alveolar epithelial cells. [Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol] Abstract Astragalin Inhibits Airway Eotaxin-1 Induction and Epithelial Apoptosis through Modulating Oxidative Stress-Responsive MAPK Signaling Scientists elucidated that astragalin inhibited endotoxin-induced oxidative stress leading to eosinophilia and epithelial apoptosis in airways. [BMC Pulm Med] Full Article LUNG CANCER TLR7 Promotes Tumor Progression, Chemotherapy Resistance and Poor Clinical Outcomes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Scientists demonstrate that the injection of Toll-like receptor (TLR)7 agonist in NOD/SCID mice, in C57BL/6 wild-type and TLR7 deficient mice grafted with lung adenocarcinoma tumor cells leads to increased tumor progression and chemotherapeutic resistance. [Cancer Res] Abstract Novel Multiarm Polyethylene Glycol-Dihydroartemisinin Conjugates Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Researchers investigated polyethylene glycol-dihydroartemisinin on chemical structure, hydrolysis, solubility, hemolysis, cell cytotoxicity in vitro, and efficacy in vivo. [Sci Rep] Full Article Cannabinoids Increase Lung Cancer Cell Lysis by Lymphokine-Activated Killer Cells via Upregulation of ICAM-1 Using lung cancer cell lines and metastatic cells derived from a lung cancer patient, researchers addressed the impact of cannabinoid-induced intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on cancer cell adhesion to lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and LAK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. [Biochem Pharmacol] Abstract SIRT5 Facilitates Cancer Cell Growth and Drug Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Researchers show that the mitochondrial class III NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT5 is overexpressed in human non-small cell lung cancer and high expression of SIRT5 predicts poor survival. SIRT5 knockdown represses lung cancer cell growth and transformation in vitro and in vivo. [Tumor Biol] Abstract Cytotoxic Effects of Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate in Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells, Alone and in Combination with Cisplatin The cytocidal effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate was investigated by focusing on cell viability, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction in small-cell lung cancer cell lines. [Int J Oncol] Abstract Effect of Nitric Oxide Synthase on Multiple Drug Resistance Is Related to Wnt Signaling in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Researchers detected the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-induced drug-resistant lung cancer cells, and compared the effect of canonical and noncanonical Wnt pathway on the level of iNOS. [Oncol Rep] Abstract |