Pulmonary Cell News Volume 4.20 | May 28 2015

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    Pulmonary Cell News 4.20 May 28, 2015

    Pulmonary Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Acute Toxicity of Silver and Carbon Nanoaerosols to Normal and Cystic Fibrosis Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
    Well-differentiated normal and cystic fibrosis human bronchial epithelia with established air-liquid interface and the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B were exposed to spark-generated silver and carbon nanoaerosols at three different doses. Necrotic and apoptotic cell death, pro-inflammatory response, epithelial function and morphology were assessed within 24 hours after aerosol exposure. [Nanotoxicology] Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Induction of the Inflammatory Regulator A20 by Gibberellic Acid in Airway Epithelial Cells
    Scientists investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of gibberellic acid in airway epithelial cells and determined if the anti-inflammatory action relates to A20 induction. [Br J Pharmacol] Abstract

    Interactions of Francisella tularensis with Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cells and the Murine Respiratory Epithelium
    The authors performed TEM analysis on mouse lungs infected with F. tularensis strains Schu S4, LVS and the O-antigen mutant Schu S4 waaY::TrgTn. They also studied the interactions of Francisella strains with human alveolar epithelial type II cells in vitro by characterizing the ability of these three strains to invade and replicate within these cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

    DA-Raf-Mediated Suppression of the Ras-ERK Pathway Is Essential for TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Alveolar Epithelial Type 2 Cells
    Investigators showed that the Ras–ERK pathway negatively regulates transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in RLE-6TN cells and that DA-Raf1 (DA-Raf), a splicing isoform of A-Raf and a dominant-negative antagonist of the Ras–ERK pathway, plays an essential role in EMT. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Elucidation of Changes in Molecular Signaling Leading to Increased Cellular Transformation in Oncogenically Progressed Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Exposed to Radiations of Increasing LET
    Cell survival following irradiation showed that HBEC3KT-P53KRAS cells were more radioresistant than HBEC3KT cells irrespective of the radiation species. In addition, radiation enhanced the ability of the surviving HBEC3KT-P53RAS cells but not the surviving HBEC3KT cells to grow in anchorage-independent fashion. [Mutagenesis] Abstract

    Effect of β-Glucan on MUC4 and MUC5B Expression in Human Airway Epithelial Cells
    In NCI-H292 cells and human normal nasal epithelial cells, the effect and signaling pathway of β-glucan on MUC4 and MUC5B expression were investigated using reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, real-time PCR, enzyme immunoassay, and immunoblot analysis with specific inhibitors and small interfering RNA. [Int Forum Allergy Rhinol] Abstract

    LUNG CANCER

    TP53 Silencing Bypasses Growth Arrest of BRAFV600E-Induced Lung Tumor Cells In a Two-Switch Model of Lung Tumorigenesis
    Despite the utility of current genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models of lung cancer, most do not allow temporal dissociation of the cardinal events involved in lung tumor initiation and cancer progression. Researchers describe a novel two-switch GEM model for BRAFV600E-induced lung carcinogenesis allowing temporal dissociation of these processes. [Cancer Res] Abstract

    Inhibition of PI3K Pathway Reduces Invasiveness and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Squamous Lung Cancer Cell Lines Harboring PIK3CA Gene Alterations
    The effects of NVP-BEZ235, NVP-BKM120 and NVP-BYL719 on 2D/3D cellular growth, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and invasiveness were evaluated in E545K or H1047R phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) mutated squamous cell carcinoma of the lung cells and in new-generated clones carrying PIK3CA alterations, as well as in a xenograft model. [Mol Cancer Ther] Abstract

    Epigenetic Priming of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines to the Antiproliferative and Differentiating Effects of All-trans Retinoic Acid
    The non-small cell lung cancer cell lines A549, NCI-H460 and HCC827 were treated with ATRA and the pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat. Panobinostat sensitized, to varying degrees, all three cell lines to the antiproliferative and differentiating effects of ATRA, with synergistic histone H3 acetylation. [J Cancer Res Clin Oncol] Abstract

    The Collective Nuclear Migration of p53 and Phosphorylated S473 of Akt during Ellipticine-Mediated Apoptosis in Human Lung Epithelial Cancer Cells
    Scientists demonstrated that dominant-negative AktS473A or p53 shRNA inhibited ellipticine-mediated translocalization of p53 and Akt and attenuated apoptotic cell death in A549 cells. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract

    Knockdown of eIF3d Inhibits Cell Proliferation through G2/M Phase Arrest in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
    The authors evaluated the functional role of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit d (eIF3d) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference was applied to silence eIF3d in the human NSCLC cell lines A549 and 95D. [Med Oncol] Abstract

    Video Protocol: Mucociliary Differentiation of Primary Bronchial Epithelial Cells

     
    REVIEWS
    Squamous Cell Lung Cancer: From Tumor Genomics to Cancer Therapeutics
    In this comprehensive review, the authors describe the current status of squamous cell lung cancer (SCC) therapeutics, recent advances in the understanding of SCC biology and prognostic gene signatures, and the development of innovative new clinical trials, all of which offer new hope for patients with advanced SCC. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    Hanmi Pharmaceutical to Present Its New Targeted Lung Cancer Drug ‘HM61713’
    Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. will present the results of the Phase I/II domestic clinical trial of HM61713 in patients with EGFR mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer. [Press release from Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Business Wire) discussing research to be presented at the 2015 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

    Lilly to Present CYRAMZA® (Ramucirumab) Data
    Eli Lilly and Company announced that data from several trials of CYRAMZA® will be presented, including a Phase II study of non-small cell lung cancer patients in Japan. [Press release from Eli Lilly and Company discussing research to be presented at the 2015 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

    PROCLAIM Final Trial Results to Be Presented
    Eli Lilly and Company announced final results of the Phase III PROCLAIM trial that will also be discussed in an oral presentation. PROCLAIM was a randomized, Phase III superiority study of patients with locally-advanced, nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer. [Press release from Eli Lilly and Company discussing research to be presented at the 2015 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

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    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Bristol-Myers Squibb Receives Positive CHMP Opinion in the European Union for Nivolumab (Opdivo, Nivolumab BMS) for the Treatment of Advanced Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Previously-Treated Patients
    Bristol-Myers Squibb Company announced that the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency has adopted a positive opinion recommending that nivolumab, a PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, be granted approval for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer after prior chemotherapy in adults. [Bristol-Myers Squibb Company] Press Release

    FDA Approves Boehringer Ingelheim’s Stiolto™ Respimat® as Once-Daily Maintenance Treatment for COPD
    Boehringer Ingelheim announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved once-daily Stioltoâ„¢ Respimat® Inhalation Spray. It has been approved as a long-term, once-daily maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. [Boehringer Ingelheim] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW Cell Death
    September 15-19, 2015
    Cold Spring Harbor, United States

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the pulmonary cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Research Scientist I/II – Fibrosis/Oncology/Inflammation Biology (Gilead Sciences)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Lung Tumor Microenvironment (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

    Medical Professional РMolecular Genetic Pathology (Paris Est Cr̩teil)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Lung Transplant Immunology (Washington University)

    Research Group Leader – Epigenetics and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (BioMed X Innovation Center)

    Senior PostDoc/Research Group Leader – Chronic Lung Disease (Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research)

    Postdoctoral Position – Immunology and Virology (Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Systems Biology (Van Andel Research Institute)

    Postdoctoral Research Position – Lung Cancer (University of California, San Francisco)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Pulmonary Developmental Pathology (Drexel University College of Medicine)


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