Pulmonary Cell News Volume 4.25 | Jul 2 2015

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    Pulmonary Cell News 4.25 July 2, 2015

    Pulmonary Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Particulate Matter from Modern Gasoline Engines Damages Our Lungs
    Researchers showed that secondary particles from gasoline combustion in Euro 5 engines directly damage lung tissue as well as weaken its defense functions. They also showed that further technical developments do not necessarily make gasoline engines less harmful to health. [Press release from the University of Bern (AlphaGalileo) discussing online publication in Scientific Reports] Press Release | Full Article
    Air-Liquid Interface Culture for Respiratory Research: Watch Q&A Video

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Translocation of Gold Nanoparticles across the Lung Epithelial Tissue Barrier: Combining In Vitro and In Silico Methods to Substitute In Vivo Experiments
    A novel two-step approach to assess the biokinetics of inhaled nanoparticles (NPs) is presented. In a first step, alveolar epithelial cellular monolayers at the air-liquid interface were exposed to aerosolized NPs to determine their translocation kinetics across the epithelial tissue barrier. [Part Fibre Toxicol] Full Article

    miR-16 Rescues F508del-CFTR Function in Native Cystic Fibrosis Epithelial Cells
    Scientists report that a microRNA (miR)-16 mimic can effectively rescue F508del-cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein function in airway cell lines and primary cultures, of differentiated human bronchial epithelia from F508del homozygotes, which express mutant CFTR endogenously. [Gene Ther] Abstract

    Shp-2 Contributes to Anti-RSV Activity in Human Pulmonary Alveolar Epithelial Cells by Interfering with the IFN-α-Induced Jak/Stat1 Pathway
    Researchers investigated the role of src homology phosphotyrosyl phosphatase 2 (Shp-2) in the host cell interactions of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). They report significant changes in the expression of Shp-2 in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells upon RSV infection. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article

    Upregulation of TMEM16A Protein in Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Bacterial Pyocyanin
    In cultured human bronchial epithelial cells, treatment with pyocyanin or with a P. aeruginosa culture supernatant caused a significant increase in TMEM16A function. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Autophagic Cell Death via Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Disruption in Normal Lung Cells
    Human bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to 50 and 100 μg/mL titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NP) for 24 and 48 hours. Scientists showed that TiO2-NP induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in the cells and disrupted the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes and calcium ion balance, thereby increasing autophagy. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Autophagy Regulates Hyperoxia-Induced Intracellular Accumulation of Surfactant Protein C in Alveolar Type II Cells
    Using neonatal rat BPD model and MLE-12, mouse alveolar epithelial type II cell, researchers examined the changes of surfactant protein C (SP-C) levels during hyperoxia. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and ELISA analysis showed SP-C accumulation in alveolar epithelial type II cells. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract

    LUNG CANCER

    MicroRNA-148a Reduces Tumorigenesis and Increases TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis in NSCLC
    The authors showed that microRNA (miR)-148a is down-regulated in cells with acquired TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-resistance compared with TRAIL-sensitive cells. Enforced expression of miR-148a sensitized cells to TRAIL and reduced lung tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo through the down-modulation of matrix metalloproteinase 15 and Rho-associated kinase 1. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

    LKB1 Deficiency Enhances Sensitivity to Energetic Stress Induced by Erlotinib Treatment in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells
    Investigators tested the hypothesis that loss of tumor suppressor serine/threonine kinase 11 (LKB1) sensitizes NSCLC cells to energetic stress induced by treatment with erlotinib. LKB1-deficient cells exhibited enhanced sensitivity to erlotinib in vitro and in vivo that was associated with alterations in energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction. [Oncogene] Abstract

    KLF4 Regulates Adult Lung Tumor-Initiating Cells and Represses K-Ras-Mediated Lung Cancer
    To understand the role of Krüppel-like Factor 4 (KLF4) in the lung, researchers generated a tamoxifen-induced Klf4 knockout mouse model. They found that KLF4 inhibits lung cancer cell growth and that depletion of Klf4 altered the differentiation pattern in the developing lung. [Cell Death Differ] Abstract

    SMO Gene Amplification and Activation of the Hedgehog Pathway as Novel Mechanisms of Resistance to Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Drugs in Human Lung Cancer
    Since Hedgehog (Hh) pathway has emerged as an important mediator of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, scientists studied the activation of Hh signaling in models of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors intrinsic or acquired resistance from both EGFR mutated and wild-type non small cell lung cancer cell lines. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract

    Sodium/Iodide Symporter Gene Transfection Increases Radionuclide Uptake in Human Cisplatin-Resistant Lung Cancer Cells
    The authors assessed the role of sodium/iodide symporter in radioactive technetium and radioactive iodine uptake by the A549/DDP human cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cell line. [Clin Transl Oncol] Abstract

    Video Protocol: Mucociliary Differentiation of Primary Bronchial Epithelial Cells

     
    REVIEWS
    Personalized Medicine in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Facts and Promises
    The authors summarize and discuss the most recent literature on personalized medicine in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a chronic progressive and almost invariably lethal disease of unknown cause. [Curr Opin Pulm Med] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Clovis Oncology Initiates Rolling NDA Submission to the FDA for Rociletinib in the Treatment of Advanced EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
    Clovis Oncology, Inc. announced that it has commenced the submission of a new drug application (NDA) regulatory filing to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for rociletinib for the treatment of patients with mutant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) non-small cell lung cancer who have been previously treated with an EGFR-targeted therapy and have the EGFR T790M mutation as detected by an FDA approved test. [Clovis Oncology, Inc.] Press Release

    Spyryx Biosciences Receives Development Award from Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics to Advance Novel Therapy for CF
    Spyryx Biosciences, Inc. announced it has received an award from Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics, which will support development of Spyryx’ therapeutic peptides for cystic fibrosis (CF). [Spyryx Biosciences, Inc.] Press Release

    FDA Approves ORKAMBIâ„¢ (Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor) – The First Medicine to Treat the Underlying Cause of Cystic Fibrosis for People Ages 12 and Older with Two Copies of the F508del Mutation
    Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ORKAMBIâ„¢, the first medicine to treat the underlying cause of cystic fibrosis in people ages 12 and older with two copies of the F508del mutation. [Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated] Press Release

    CTCA at Western Launches 3rd New Clinical Trial Combining Immunotherapy with Chemotherapy
    Cancer Treatment Centers of America® (CTCA) at Western Regional Medical Center (Western) has begun a new Phase Ib/II clinical trial using a new immunotherapy treatment for patients with advanced kidney, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and colorectal carcinoma. [Cancer Treatment Centers of America® (EurekAlert!)] Press Release

    Moffitt Cancer Center Receives $3.6 Million Grant to Study E-Cigarettes
    Moffitt Cancer Center received a $3.6 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to study the use of electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, over the next five years. [Moffitt Cancer Center] Press Release

    Celgene and Juno Announce Ten-Year Collaboration to Advance Potentially Groundbreaking Immunotherapies for Patients with Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases
    Celgene Corporation and Juno Therapeutics, Inc. announced a global collaboration for the development and commercialization of immunotherapies. The two companies will leverage T cell therapeutic strategies to develop treatments for patients with cancer and autoimmune diseases with an initial focus on chimeric antigen receptor technology and T cell receptor technologies. [Juno Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

    Etubics Corporation Partners with the National Cancer Institute to Further Develop Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines
    Etubics Corporation announced that it has entered into a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with the National Cancer Institute. The parties will work together to further develop the Etubics Platform, which is employed to develop novel immunotherapeutic product candidates to treat cancer. [Etubics Corporation] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW 3rd International Annual Conference of the German Stem Cell Network (GSCN)
    September 9-11, 2015
    Frankfurt, Germany

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the pulmonary cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Pulmonary Fibrosis (University of Colorado School of Medicine)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Assistant Professor – Neonatal Pulmonary Biology and Vascular Biology (Medical College of Wisconsin)

    Senior Scientist – Stem Cells (Cystic Fibrosis Foundation)

    Faculty Positions (Cleveland Clinic)

    Postdoctoral Position – Lung Myofibroblasts and Fibrosis (Yale University School of Medicine)

    Research Scientist I/II – Fibrosis/Oncology/Inflammation Biology (Gilead Sciences)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Lung Transplant Immunology (Washington University)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Pulmonary Developmental Pathology (Drexel University College of Medicine)


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