Pulmonary Cell News Volume 7.09 | Mar 8 2018

TOP STORY

Chronic E-Cigarette Exposure Alters the Human Bronchial Epithelial Proteome

Aerosolized propylene glycol/vegetable glycerin (PG/VG) alone significantly increased MUC5AC protein in human airway epithelial cultures and in murine nasal epithelia in vivo. They also found that e-liquids rapidly entered cells and that PG/VG reduced membrane fluidity and impaired protein diffusion. [Am J Respir Crit Care Med] Abstract

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Diesel Exhaust Particles Up-Regulate Interleukin-17A Expression via ROS/NF-κB in Airway Epithelium

Scientists found diesel exhaust particles concentration-dependently increased IL-17A synthesis and release by 122.3 ± 15.72% and 235.5 ± 18.37%, respectively in primary bronchial epithelial cells, accompanied with increased ROS production. [Biochem Pharmacol] Abstract

mTOR Suppresses Cigarette Smoke-Induced Epithelial Cell Death and Airway Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

In human bronchial epithelial cells, cigarette smoke extract (CSE) activated tuberous sclerosis 2 (TSC2), inhibited mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and induced autophagy. The TSC2-mTOR axis orchestrated CSE-induced autophagy, apoptosis, and necroptosis in human bronchial epithelial cells; all of which cooperatively regulated CSE-induced inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 through the NF-κB pathway. [J Immunol] Abstract

Identification of an Immortalized Human Airway Epithelial Cell Line with Dyskinetic Cilia

In characterizing an immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell line, grown at an air/liquid interface to permit differentiation, the authors identified that these cells have dyskinetic motile cilia. [Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol] Abstract

Involvement of HIF-1α-Regulated miR-21, Acting via the Akt/NF-κB Pathway, in Malignant Transformation of HBE Cells Induced by Cigarette Smoke Extract

Scientists investigated the roles of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and miR-21 in the malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells induced by cigarette smoke extract. [Toxicol Lett] Abstract

The Dynamic Shuttling of SIRT1 between Cytoplasm and Nuclei in Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Single and Repeated Cigarette Smoke Exposure

Researchers showed for the first time the dynamics of silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) in the presence of single or concurrent cigarette smoke extract exposure in human bronchial epithelial cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

LUNG CANCER

Autophagy Modulates Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells

Scientists investigated the regulatory role of autophagy in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and showed that transforming growth factor beta-1 can simultaneously induce both autophagy and EMT in the NSCLC lines A549 and H1975. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Abstract

TIPE3 Differentially Modulates Proliferation and Migration of Human Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells via Distinct Subcellular Location

Knockdown of endogenous TIPE3, which was predominantly expressed in the plasma membrane, inhibited the proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. While transient overexpression of TIPE3 with N-terminal flag, which was mostly trapped in the cytoplasm, inhibited the growth and migration of NSCLC cells accompanied by inactivation of AKT and ERK. [BMC Cancer] Full Article

MicroRNA-485-5p Suppresses Growth and Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Targeting IGF2BP2

Overexpression of miR-485-5p significantly suppressed the growth and invasion, while knockdown of miR-485-5p had an opposite effect. Moreover, miR-485-5p overexpression caused a G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest and impaired TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. [Life Sci] Abstract

The Inhibitory Effect of Cordycepin on the Proliferation of Cisplatin-Resistant A549 Lung Cancer Cells

The authors determined the anti-cancer mechanism of cordycepin in A549 cisplatin-resistant (CR) lung cancer cells. Cordycepin inhibited the viability of A549CR cells in a dose-dependent manner. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

Tuberculosis and Lung Damage: From Epidemiology to Pathophysiology

Researchers provide an overview of the epidemiological literature on post-tuberculosis lung impairment and link it to data on the pathogenesis of lung injury from the perspective of dysregulated immune responses and immunogenetics. [Eur Respir Rev] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

G1 Therapeutics Announces Positive Trilaciclib Phase IIa Topline Data Showing Robust Myelopreservation Benefits in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer

G1 Therapeutics, Inc. announced positive topline data from its Phase IIa trial evaluating trilaciclib in patients undergoing chemotherapy for first-line small cell lung cancer. [G1 Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Verona Pharma Reports Positive Top-Line Data from Phase IIa Trial with RPL554 in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Verona Pharma plc announced that top-line data from its Phase IIa trial with nebulized RPL554 demonstrate that the investigational therapy has a favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile, with single doses achieving statistically significant increases in average forced expiratory volume in one second in patients with cystic fibrosis. [Verona Pharma plc] Press Release

European Authorities Approve JHL Biotech’s Clinical Trial Application for Dornase Alfa Biosimilar to Affordably Manage Symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis

JHL Biotech announced that the Dutch Healthcare Authority has approved a Clinical Trial Application for JHL’s dornase alfa biosimilar, JHL1922, to improve pulmonary function of cystic fibrosis patients. [JHL Biotech] Press Release

Rise of Nationalist and Populist Parties Has Italian Scientists Worried

The outcome of parliamentary elections in Italy was a stunning victory for populist and nationalist parties, and a clear warning to Italy’s political establishment and the European Union. But some in Italy worry that the results may also have a negative impact on science. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

What Researchers Can Expect from China’s Top-Level Political Meetings

As Chinese leaders gather for the government’s most significant meetings of the year, researchers are anticipating major policy announcements for science and innovation that could shape the country’s research agenda for years. [Nature News] Editorial

New NSF Rules on Sexual Harassment Leave Many Questions Unanswered

The National Science Foundation (NSF) in Alexandria, Virginia, hopes that its new policy on sexual harassment will spur universities to deal more aggressively with the pervasive problem. But the additional reporting requirements, which will be officially published in the Federal Register, are far from a definitive statement about how NSF plans to deal with this complex and sensitive subject. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Gordon Research Conferences: Cell Death
August 5-10, 2018
Newry, Maine, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Doctoral Researcher Positions – Deciphering Therapeutic Targets in Lung Toxicology (Research Training Group GRK2338)

Postdoctoral Position – Immune Oncology (H. Lee Moffitt Cancer & Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Autoimmune Diseases Affecting the Lung (University of California – San Francisco)

Research Fellow – Ex Vivo Response to PD-1 Blockade (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)

Assistant Professor – Pulmonary Physiology (University of California, Riverside)

Multiple Positions – Pulmonary (University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Professor – Lung Cancer (University of Cincinnati)

Director – In Vitro Pharmacology (AstraZeneca)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Lung Cancer (Van Ande Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Pulmonary Disease Pathogenesis (Columbia University)

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