Pulmonary Cell News Volume 7.13 | Apr 5 2018

TOP STORY

Circulating and Tumor Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Resectable Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Scientists investigated myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and inflammatory factors in tumor and peripheral blood samples from patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer and studied their correlations with the disease prognosis. A significant increase in the frequency of circulating monocytic-MDSCs was observed in the non-small cell lung cancer patients compared with the healthy donors. [Am J Respir Crit Care Med] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Interactions of Gaseous 2-Chlorophenol with Fe³⁺-Saturated Montmorillonite and their Toxicity to Human Lung Cells

The interactions of gaseous 2-chlorophenol with Fe³⁺-saturated montmorillonite particles in a gas-solid system was investigated to simulate the reactions of mineral dusts with volatile organic pollutants in atmosphere. The toxicity of Fe³⁺-montmorillonite particles to A549 human lung epithelial cells before and after interaction with 2-chlorophenol was examined to explore their adverse impact on human health. [Environ Sci Technol] Abstract

MicroRNA-708-3p as a Potential Therapeutic Target via the ADAM17-GATA/STAT3 Axis in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Scientists analyzed the function and regulatory mechanism of microRNA-708-3p (miR-708-3p) and evaluated this marker’s potential as a therapeutic target in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The clinical and biological relevance of fibrogenesis for miR-708-3p was assessed in vivo and in vitro, specifically in matching plasma and tissue samples from 78 patients with IPF. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article

The Effect of Electronic Cigarette and Tobacco Smoke Exposure on COPD Bronchial Epithelial Cell Inflammatory Responses

The authors investigated the effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) on the inflammatory response and viability of COPD bronchial epithelial cells (BECs). E-cig vapor extract and cigarette smoke extract caused an increase in the release of interleukin-6 and C-X-C motif ligand 8 from Calu-3 cells. [Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis] Full Article

A Large Lung Gene Expression Study Identifying IL1B as a Novel Player in Airway Inflammation in COPD Airway Epithelial Cells

Since airway inflammation is a key factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) progress, it is crucial to unravel its underlying molecular mechanisms. The analyses of IL1B expression level, the Pearson correlation between IL1B and several COPD biomarkers were performed using other cohorts to validate our main findings. [Inflamm Res] Abstract

Sulforaphane Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

To assess the effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis using an in vitro transforming growth factor-β1-induced model and an in vivo bleomycin (BLM)-induced model. SFN reversed mesenchymal-like changes induced by TGF-β1 and restored cells to their epithelial-like morphology. [BMC Pharmacol Toxicol] Full Article

LUNG CANCER

RBL2/p130 Is a Direct AKT Target and Is Required to Induce Apoptosis upon AKT Inhibition in Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma Cell Lines

Researchers found that pharmacological inhibition of AKT, through the highly selective AKT inhibitor VIII, impairs RBL2/p130 Ser941 phosphorylation and increases RBL2/p130 stability, mRNA expression and nuclear levels in both lung cancer and mesothelioma cell lines, mirroring the more extensively studied effects on the p27 cell-cycle inhibitor. [Oncogene] Abstract

Matrix Stiffness and Tumor-Associated Macrophages Modulate Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition of Human Adenocarcinoma Cells

Investigators developed a 3D co-culture model of lung adenocarcinoma cells and macrophages in an interpenetrating network hydrogel, to investigate the influence of the macrophage phenotype and ECM stiffness in the induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. [Biofabrication] Abstract

Curcumin Enhances the Anti-Cancer Effects of Paris Saponin II in Lung Cancer Cells

Researchers investigated the synergistic mechanisms of paris saponin II (PSII) and curcumin (CUR) in lung cancer. The combination changed the cellular uptake of CUR and PSII, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and cytokine levels were analyzed on different lung cancer cells. [Cell Prolif] Abstract

Dexamethasone Modified by Gamma-Irradiation as a Novel Anticancer Drug in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

To develop a more effective anticancer drug for solid cancers, Dex was modified by ionizing radiation and the anticancer activity of ionizing-radiation-irradiated Dex (Dex-IR) was investigated in human lung cancer cells. Using the MTT assay, the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells was significantly inhibited after treatment with Dex-IR compared with Dex. [PLoS One] Full Article

Regulation of Alveolar Macrophage Death in Acute Lung Inflammation

The authors focus on recent advances in the regulation and underlying mechanisms of alveolar macrophage (AM) death as well as the influence of AM death on the development of acute lung injury. [Respir Res] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

STEMCELL Technologies Partners with the ATS to Offer Travel Scholarships

STEMCELL Technologies has entered into a partnership with the American Thoracic Society (ATS) to offer the STEMCELL Technologies Scholarships to attend the ATS 2018 International Conference in San Diego, California. [STEMCELL Technologies Inc.] Press Release

Sunovion Announces Lonhala^™ Magnair^™ (Glycopyrrolate) Inhalation Solution Now Available in the U.S. For the Treatment of COPD

Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. announced that Lonhala^™ Magnair^™ Inhalation Solution is now available at pharmacies in the U.S. for the long-term, maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. [Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.] Press Release

U.S. FDA and European Medicines Agency Accept Regulatory Submissions for Review of Dacomitinib to Treat Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with EGFR-Activating Mutations

Pfizer Inc. announced that the FDA accepted the company’s New Drug Application and granted priority review for dacomitinib, a pan-human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, for the first-line treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR-activating mutations [Pfizer Inc.] Press Release

Aeglea BioTherapeutics Doses First Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Pegzilarginase in Both Monotherapy and KEYTRUDA^® (Pembrolizumab) Combination Trials

Aeglea BioTherapeutics, Inc. announced treatment of the first patients with pegzilarginase in two small cell lung cancer trials, the single-agent Phase I cohort expansion and the Phase I/II combination trial with KEYTRUDA^®, an anti-PD-1 therapy marketed by Merck. [Aeglea BioTherapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Unnecessary Exclusions Shut Patients out of Clinical Trials

The FDA will hold a public meeting in Washington to discuss issues related to clinical trial eligibility criteria. Researchers, study sponsors, patients, and the general public will have an opportunity to share their experiences and tell our regulators why it’s time to revisit the guidelines. [STAT News] Editorial

Cancer Researchers Push to Relax Rules for Clinical Trials

US government examines whether criteria for participating in drug studies unnecessarily exclude some people. [Nature News] Editorial

Cancer Researcher at the Ohio State University Resigns following Multiple Misconduct Findings

A cancer researcher has resigned from The Ohio State University in Columbus after the institution determined he had committed misconduct in eight papers. His work in designing anticancer compounds had led to millions of dollars in funding and multiple patents, as well as two compounds in clinical trials. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

EU Copyright Reforms Draw Fire from Scientists

An influential committee of the European Parliament is due to vote on changes to copyright regulations in the European Union (EU), but the latest drafts of the rules have triggered a wave of criticism from open-science advocates. They say that the proposals will stifle research and scholarly communication. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 6^th Cambridge International Stem Cell Symposium
September 19-21, 2018
Cambridge, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Scholar – Lung Cancer (University of California, San Francisco)

Research Technologist – Pulmonary (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Cell and Molecular Biology (Helmholtz Zentrum München)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer, Immunotherapy, and Fibrosis (University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Senior Research Scientist – Lung Epithelium (AstraZeneca)

Research Scientist – Cell Biologist (MedImmune)

Full Professorship and Director – Lung Biology (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München)

Postdoctoral Traveling Fellowship – Lung Cancer (Cancer Research UK)

Doctoral Researcher Positions – Deciphering Therapeutic Targets in Lung Toxicology (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München)

Postdoctoral Position – Immune Oncology (H. Lee Moffitt Cancer & Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Autoimmune Diseases Affecting the Lung (University of California, San Francisco)

Assistant Professor – Pulmonary Physiology (University of California, Riverside)

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