Pulmonary Cell News Volume 8.07 | Feb 28 2019

TOP STORY

circHIPK3 Regulates Lung Fibroblast-to-Myofibroblast Transition by Functioning as a Competing Endogenous RNA

Investigators characterized the role of circHIPK3 in pulmonary fibrosis. They revealed that circHIPK3 is upregulated in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice model, fibroblast-to-myofibroblast (FMT)-transition derived myofibroblasts. circHIPK3 silencing can ameliorate FMT and suppress fibroblast proliferation in vivo and vitro. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

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Polydatin Mediates Parkin-Dependent Mitophagy and Protects against Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Scientists indicated that polydatin facilitated Parkin translocation to mitochondria and promoted mitophagy in acute respiratory distress syndrome-challenged mice and lipopolysaccharide-treated Beas-2B cells. [Lab Invest] Abstract

Increased Susceptibility of Airway Epithelial Cells from Ataxia-Telangiectasia to S. pneumoniae Infection Due to Oxidative Damage and Impaired Innate Immunity

Researchers demonstrated that the upper airway microbiome in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia is different from that to healthy controls, with S. pneumoniae detected largely in patients only. Patient-specific airway epithelial cells and differentiated air-liquid interface cultures derived from these were hypersensitive to infection which was at least in part due to oxidative damage since it was partially reversed by catalase. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Involvement of the TREK-1 Channel in Human Alveolar Cell Membrane Potential and Its Regulation by Inhibitors of the Chloride Current

Researchers analyzed the effect of the Cl⁻ channel inhibitors: (4‐[(2‐butyl‐6,7‐dichloro‐2‐cyclopentyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1‐oxo‐inden‐5‐yl)oxy] butanoic acid and 9‐anthracenecarboxylic acid on the total current in a type II pneumocytes model by patch clamp, immunocytochemical, and gene knockdown techniques. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

Urea Cycle Sustains Cellular Energetics upon EGFR Inhibition in EGFR Mutant NSCLC

Investigators revealed non-small cell lung cancer cells have a greater dependency on the urea cycle to sustain central carbon metabolism, pyrimidine biosynthesis, and arginine metabolism to meet cellular energetics upon inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract

miR-494 Acts as a Tumor Promoter by Targeting CASP2 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Reseachers found that overexpression of miR-494 promoted the proliferation and colony formation of non-small cell lung cancer cells and reduced their sensitivity to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Endogenous Arginase 2 as a Potential Biomarker for PEGylated Arginase 1 Treatment in Xenograft Models of Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma

The in vivo effect of PEGylated arginase 1 (ARG1) was investigated using three xenograft models of squamous cell lung carcinoma. PEGylated ARG1 suppressed tumor growth in SK-MES-1 and SW900 but not H520 xenografts. Argininosuccinate synthetase was expressed in SK-MES-1 and SW900 xenografts while ornithine transcarbamylase expression remained low in all xenografts. [Oncogenesis] Full Article

mTORC1 Inhibitor RAD001 (Everolimus) Enhances Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Radiosensitivity In Vitro via Suppressing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

The authors used NCI-H460 and NCI-H661 cell lines to examine the effects of the mTORC1 inhibitor RAD001 on in vitro radiosensitivity, protein expression and dos-survival curves. RAD001 significantly inhibited the mTORC1 pathway in both the cell lines. [Acta Pharmacol Sin] Abstract

Vitexin Induces Apoptosis through Mitochondrial Pathway and PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells

Scientists indicated that vitexin reduced the viability of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner with nearly no toxicity against normal human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells. Vitexin also dose-dependently increased A549 cell apoptosis, accompanied by the decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the increased expression of cleaved caspase-3. [Biol Res] Full Article

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Emerging Targeted Therapies for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The review moves beyond traditional mutational drivers such as EGFR and ALK and instead focuses on emerging targets and the efficacy of new precision therapies. [Curr Oncol Rep] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

AdoRx Therapeutics Announces Collaboration with Johnson & Johnson Innovation to Develop Novel Lung Cancer Therapeutics

AdoRx Therapeutics, announced that it has entered into a strategic collaboration with Johnson & Johnson Innovation LLC and the Lung Cancer Initiative at Johnson & Johnson to develop novel therapeutics for the treatment of lung cancer. [Adorx Therapeutics Limited (PR Newswire Association LLC)] Press Release

Proteostasis Selected to Join European Consortium to Pioneer Personalized Medicine in Cystic Fibrosis

Proteostasis Therapeutics, Inc. announced it has been invited to join the HIT-CF Europe, a pan European strategic initiative which seeks to validate a personalized therapy approach for CF patients with extremely rare genetic mutations. [Proteostasis Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

NIH Revoked Funding from 14 Scientists over Sexual Harassment Last Year

The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) investigated more than two dozen allegations of sexual harassment last year against scientists whose work it supports, the agency said. The NIH ultimately replaced 14 principal investigators who had received agency grants, while 21 principal investigators were disciplined or fired by their employers. [Nature News] Editorial

University of California Breaks Up With Major Publisher over Research Access Dispute

After months of negotiations, the University of California system has decided not to renew its subscriptions to journals put out by the major publisher Elsevier — a decision that could have big ripple effects for the way that academic research gets read and paid for. [STAT News] Editorial

NEW New Biomarkers, Molecules and Therapeutic Sequences for Non Small Cell Lung Carcinoma in the Era of Precision Medicine
May 9-10, 2019
Paris, France

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NEW Scientist – Pulmonary (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Lung Disease (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Principal Investigator Positions – Stem Cell Research (The GDL-MP Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Biomedicine)

Assistant/Associate/Full Professor – Lung Cancer (University of Cincinnati College of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Biology & Disease (Helmholtz-Center München – German Research Center for Environmental Health)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Translational Cancer and Pediatric Solid Tumor Biology (Institute of Cancer Research)

PhD Position – Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Respiratory Research (Monell Chemical Senses Center)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Lung Repair & Regeneration (University of California San Francisco)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Cancer (Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University)

Tenure Track Group Leader – Lung Epidemiology (Helmholtz-Center Munchen)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Lung Stem/Progenitor Cell Research (The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler)

Associate Professor – Oncology (University of California, Davis)

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