Pulmonary Cell News Volume 8.40 | Oct 17 2019

TOP STORY

A Homozygous SFTPA1 Mutation Drives Necroptosis of Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Sftpa1-KI mice showed increased necroptosis of alveolar epithelial type II cells with phosphorylation of IRE1α leading to JNK-mediated up-regulation of Ripk3. [J Exp Med] Full Article

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TMPRSS2 Is the Major Activating Protease of Influenza A Virus in Primary Human Airway Cells and Influenza B Virus in Human Type II Pneumocytes

Researchers investigated the role of TMPRSS2 in proteolytic activation of influenza A virus and influenza B virus in three human airway cell culture systems: primary human bronchial epithelial cells, primary type II alveolar epithelial cells, and Calu-3 cells. [J Virol] Abstract

S-Nitrosylation of CHIP Enhances F508Del CFTR Maturation

Scientists evaluated the interactions of S-nitrosothiols with molecular co-chaperone C-terminus Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP)- an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets improperly folded CFTR for degradation. CHIP was expressed in primary human bronchial epithelial and CFBE41o – cells expressing either wild type or F508del CFTR. [Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol] Abstract

Icotinib-Resistant HCC827 Cells Produce Exosomes with mRNA MET Oncogenes and Mediate the Migration and Invasion of NSCLC

The oncogene MET into exosomes was identified from icotinib-resistant lung cancer cells, and this was also presented in exosomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients diagnosed with cancer metastasis after icotinib treatment. [Respir Res] Full Article

Procyanidin B2 Suppresses Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Human Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells and Lung Fibroblasts

Scientists tested the effects of procyanidin B2 on cell permeability, viability, apoptosis, nuclear factor-kappaB activation, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and proinflammatory cytokines production in lipopolysaccharide-treated human alveolar epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts. [J Interferon Cytokine Res] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

Targeting the COX2/MET/TOPK Signaling Axis Induces Apoptosis in Gefitinib-Resistant NSCLC Cells

Scientists observed that the COX2-TXA₂ signaling pathway modulated MET through AP-1, resulting in an inhibition of apoptosis in gefitinib-resistant cells. Moreover, they demonstrated that MET could phosphorylate TOPK at Tyr74 and then prevent apoptosis in gefitinib-resistant cells. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

RhoA-Dependent HGF and c-Met Mediate Gas6-Induced Inhibition of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Migration, and Invasion of Lung Alveolar Epithelial Cells

The authors examined whether growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) signaling could induce the production of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c-Met in lung alveolar epithelial cells to mediate the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and to inhibit the migration and invasion of epithelial cells. [Biomolecules] Abstract | Download Full Article

NUSAP1 Knockdown Inhibits Cell Growth and Metastasis of Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer through Regulating BTG2/PI3K/Akt Signaling

Investigators indicated that the NUSAP1 messenger RNA expression level was remarkably upregulated in non‐small‐cell lung cancer tissues compared with that of adjacent normal tissues. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

Dissecting the m⁶A Methylation Affection on Afatinib Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Researchers depicted the m⁶A modification profiles for the afatinib resistant and sensitive NSCLC cell lines. They found that the sum enrichment scores of the resistant cell line was much higher than that of the sensitive cell line. [Pharmacogenomics J] Abstract

MicroRNA‐7‐5p Induces Cell Growth Inhibition, Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis by Targeting PAK2 in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer

Experiments in NSCLC cell lines demonstrated that up‐regulation of miR‐7‐5p significantly suppressed cell proliferation, but induced cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis using CCK‐8, colony formation and flow cytometry analysis. [FEBS Open Bio] Abstract

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Prognostic Factors and Biomarkers of Responses to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer

The authors explore current understanding and future direction of research on immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in lung cancer and the impact of tumor immune microenvironment in influencing clinical responses. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

Verona Pharma Completes Enrollment in Phase IIb Clinical Trial with Nebulized Ensifentrine in Moderate-to-Severe COPD

Verona Pharma plc announced that it has randomized the last patient in its Phase IIb dose-ranging study evaluating the effect of nebulized ensifentrine as an add-on to treatment with a long acting bronchodilator in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [Verona Pharma plc] Press Release

Boehringer Ingelheim Announces First Patient Enrolled in Phase II Trial of Novel Cystic Fibrosis Treatment (BALANCE-CF™ 1)

Boehringer Ingelheim announced the first patient enrolled in its Phase II clinical trial BALANCE-CF™ 1 to evaluate a new treatment for cystic fibrosis. The trial will investigate how different doses of the compound, an inhaled epithelial sodium channel inhibitor, impacts lung function compared to placebo when added to the standard of care in adults and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. [Boehringer Ingelheim] Press Release

$3 Billion Ballot Proposition Will Decide Fate of Texas Cancer Research Funding Agency

On 5 November, Texas residents will decide whether to sustain CPRIT, the second largest public source of cancer funding in the United States after the federal government. At stake is its generous support for 123 tenure-track faculty like Cole, who investigates cancer and DNA repair. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Indian Government Tightens Rules on Academic Collaboration with China

India is tightening the rules for academic collaborations with its neighbor and main rival, China. Under a new policy, universities and research institutes must seek permission from the ministries of Home Affairs and External Affairs before signing a collaboration agreement or memorandum of understanding with a Chinese institution. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Translational Cancer Research for Basic Scientists Workshop
November 17-22, 2019
Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Training Fellow – Machine Learning (Institute of Cancer Research)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Lung Development and Disease (Center for Regenerative Medicine)

Postdoctoral Scholarship – Cancer Biology (Lund University)

Research Fellow – Lung Cancer (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)

Faculty Position – Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center)

Research Scientist – Fibrosis (Gilead Sciences, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Positions – Sepsis and Pulmonary Injury (University of Maryland)

Postdoctoral Position – Small Cell Lung Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Inflammation (The Boston University Pulmonary Center)

Associate Director – Pulmonary Biology (Translate Bio, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Lung Epithelium (Boston University)

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