Pulmonary Cell News Volume 9.11 | Mar 26 2020

TOP STORY

Metastasis-Initiating Cells Induce and Exploit a Fibroblast Niche to Fuel Malignant Colonization of the Lungs

Colonization of the lungs conferred an inflammatory phenotype in metastasis-associated fibroblasts. IL-1α and IL-1β secreted by breast cancer cells induced CXCL9 and CXCL10 production in lung fibroblasts via NF-κB signaling, fueling the growth of lung metastases. [Nat Commun] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Platform Effects on Regeneration by Pulmonary Basal Cells as Evaluated by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing

To elucidate environmental effects on epithelial regenerative outcomes in vitro, scientists isolated and cultured a population of pharmacologically expanded basal cells from rat tracheas. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

In Vitro Modeling of Alveolar Repair at the Air-Liquid Interface Using Alveolar Epithelial Cells Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Researchers demonstrated that culture of EpCAM⁺ cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells at the physiological air-liquid interface resulted in type 2 alveolar epithelial cells-like cells with alveolar characteristics. [Sci Rep] Full Article

LUNG CANCER

The Inhibitory Mechanisms of Tumor PD-L1 Expression by Natural Bioactive Gallic Acid in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells

Scientists demonstrated the tumor-suppressive effect of gallic acid, which induced the decrease of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression through binding to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in NSCLC. [Cancers] Full Article

Sea Hare Hydrolysate-Induced Reduction of Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Growth through Regulation of Macrophage Polarization and Non-Apoptotic Regulated Cell Death Pathways

Sea hare hydrolysates treatment inhibited the actions of M1 and M2 macrophages, which had anticancer and pro-cancer effects in non-small cell lung cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages. [Cancers] Full Article

Fibrinogen Alpha Chain Knockout Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis through Integrin-AKT Signaling Pathway in Lung Cancer

The authors used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to knockout fibrinogen alpha in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549 and H1299. [Mol Cancer Res] Abstract

The Cross-Talk between lncRNA-SNHG7/MicroRNA-81/cbx7 Modulates Malignant Character in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 7 (SNHG7) was found to be downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared with normal tissues. Altered SNHG7 expression induced changes in cell proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. [Am J Pathol] Abstract

Cellular Processes Involved in Lung Cancer Cells Exposed to Direct Current Electric Field

Researchers report the identification of electric field-sensitive genes in lung cancer cells. The gene expression profile, in which the human lung cancer CL1-0 cells were treated with a direct current electric field for two hours, was retrieved from GEO database. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Marsdenia tenacissima Extract Promotes Gefitinib Accumulation in Tumor Tissues of Lung Cancer Xenograft Mice via Inhibiting ABCG2 Activity

Hoechst 33342, a specific substrate of ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily G Member 2 (ABCG2), was used to determine the effects of Marsdenia tenacissima extract (MTE) on activities of ABCG2 in tumor cells. The activities of ABCG2, the primary drug transporter for gefitinib, were significantly inhibited by MTE in H1975 lung cancer cells. [J Ethnopharmacol] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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Mechanisms of Ultrafine Particle-Induced Respiratory Health Effects

The authors review insights into the mechanisms by which particles, including ultrafine particles, influence airway inflammation and discus several mechanisms that may explain the relationship between particulate air pollutants and human health, particularly respiratory health. [Exp Mol Med] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pulmonary cell research field.

Canadian Biotechnology Company STEMCELL Technologies Provides Critical Support to Sequence the COVID-19 Virus, Accelerating Vaccine Development

Human tissue culture systems developed by STEMCELL were used by researchers at China’s Centre for Disease Control to grow lung airway cells that could successfully propagate the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. [STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.] Press Release

University of Hawaii Cancer Center Receives $2.8 Million to Study Ethnic Disparities in Smoking-Related Lung Cancer

The University of Hawaii Cancer Center was awarded a five-year $2.8-million grant from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health, to study smoking-related lung cancer disparities across different racial and ethnic populations. [University of Hawaii] Press Release

Researchers Are Tracking Another Epidemic, Too-of Misinformation

When five researchers at the University of Washington, Seattle, launched the new Center for an Informed Public back in December 2019, they had no idea what was coming. The center aims to study how misinformation propagates and use the findings to “promote an informed society, and strengthen democratic discourse.” Now, just a few months later, the coronavirus pandemic is generating a tidal wave of information-some of it accurate, some not so much-that has saturated social and traditional media. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

After Conference Cancellations, Some Scientists Find a Way

As scores of academic meetings get upended due to COVID-19, researchers are turning to virtual replacements. [The Scientist] Editorial

In light of COVID-19, many conferences are being cancelled or postponed. As such:

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NEW Research Fellow – Respiratory Viruses (Queen’s University Belfast)

PhD Student – Lung Cancer (University Hospital Cologne)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Tumor Metabolism and DNA Repair (The Ohio State University)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Organoids (Columbia University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Lung Injury (University of Illinois at Chicago)

Research Associate – Cystic Fibrosis (Michigan State University)

Research Associate – Lung Tumors (University of Cambridge)

Research Associate and Lab Manager – In Vitro Cancer Models (Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Cancer Metabolism (The Ohio State University)

Postdoctoral Position – Lung Stem Cell Research (Columbia University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Lung Epithelium (Boston University)

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