Indole-3-Propionic Acid Alleviates Chondrocytes Inflammation and Osteoarthritis via the AhR/NF-κB Axis

IL-1β was utilized to induce chondrocyte inflammation. The cytotoxicity of indole-3-propionic acid on rat chondrocytes was assessed. RT-qPCR, Griess reaction, ELISA, Western blot and immunofluorescence were performed to evaluate the expression of inflammatory factors and stromal proteins.