Engineered Immunomodulatory Extracellular Vesicles from Epithelial Cells with the Capacity for Stimulation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Cancer and Autoimmunity

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To address whether epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be modified to acquire the capacity to induce an immune response, researchers engineered 293T EVs to harbor the immunomodulatory molecules CD80, OX40L, and PD-L1.
[ACS Nano]
AbstractGraphical Abstract