IL-32-Producing CD8⁺ Memory T Cells Define Immunoregulatory Niches in Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Researchers used spatial cell interaction mapping to identify IL-32–expressing CD8⁺ memory T cells and Tregs as key components of the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1/programmed death–ligand 1 niche in Sri Lankan patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis and in patients with distinct forms of dermal leishmaniasis in Brazil and India.