IL-9 Signaling Redirects CAR T Cell Fate toward CD8⁺ Memory and CD4⁺ Cycling States, Enhancing Antitumor Efficacy

Investigators demonstrated that endowing CAR T cells with ectopic interleukin (IL)-9 signaling by co-expressing an IL-9 receptor rewires CAR T cell fate under antigen stress to enhance antitumor efficacy.