Tag Archives: COPD

Epithelial Cells and Inflammation in Pulmonary Wound Repair

The authors examine the pivotal role of pulmonary airway epithelial cells in initiating and moderating tissue repair and restitution.
[Cells]
Croasdell Lucchini, A., Gachanja, N. N., Rossi, A. G., Dorward, D. A., & Lucas, C. D. (2021). Epithelial Cells and Inflammation in Pulmonary Wound Repair. Cells, 10(2), 339. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10020339 Cite
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HIV Induces Airway Basal Progenitor Cells to Adopt an Inflammatory Phenotype

Researchers hypothesized that HIV induced the basal stem/progenitor cells to express inflammatory mediators that contributed to the pathogenesis of emphysema.
[Scientific Reports]
Chung, N. P. Y., Khan, K. M. F., Kaner, R. J., O’Beirne, S. L., & Crystal, R. G. (2021). HIV induces airway basal progenitor cells to adopt an inflammatory phenotype. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 3988. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82143-1 Cite
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BET Proteins Are Associated with the Induction of Small Airway Fibrosis in COPD

Primary human airway smooth muscle cells from COPD and non-COPD smoking patients were stimulated with TGF-β1. Gene array analysis performed to identify differences in ECM expression.
[Thorax]
Zakarya, R., Chan, Y. L., Rutting, S., Reddy, K., Bozier, J., Woldhuis, R. R., Xenaki, D., Ly, D. V., Chen, H., Brandsma, C.-A., Adcock, I. M., & Oliver, B. G. (2021). BET proteins are associated with the induction of small airway fibrosis in COPD. Thorax. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215092 Cite
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Organicell Announces FDA Approval of IND Application for the Use of Zofin™ in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Organicell Regenerative Medicine, Inc. announced that the FDA has approved the Investigational New Drug application for its lead product, Zofin™, in the treatment of patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
[Organicell Regenerative Medicine, Inc.]
Press Release
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miR-558 Reduces the Damage of HBE Cells Exposed to Cigarette Smoke Extract by Targeting TNFRSF1A and Inactivating TAK1/MAPK/NF-κB Pathway

Up-regulation of miR-558 alleviated cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced damage on HBE cells. The alleviative effect of miR-558 mimic on CSE-induced damage was suppressed by miR-558/TNF receptor superfamily member 1A (TNFRSF1A) overexpression.
[Immunological Investigations]
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Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Ameliorate Airway Inflammation in a Rat Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

The authors assessed the potential anti-inflammatory effects of human umbilical cord MSC-derived extracellular vesicles in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
[Stem Cell Research & Therapy]
Ridzuan, N., Zakaria, N., Widera, D., Sheard, J., Morimoto, M., Kiyokawa, H., Mohd Isa, S. A., Chatar Singh, G. K., Then, K.-Y., Ooi, G.-C., & Yahaya, B. H. (2021). Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate airway inflammation in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 12(1), 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-020-02088-6 Cite
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ADAM17 Deficiency Protects Against Pulmonary Emphysema

Histological, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence and molecular analyses, as well as lung function tests, were performed to assess pulmonary emphysema, inflammation and alveolar cell apoptosis.
[American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology]
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Inhibition of LTβR Signalling Activates WNT-Induced Regeneration in Lung

Scientists demonstrated increased expression of lymphotoxin β-receptor (LTβR) ligands in adaptive and innate immune cells, enhanced non-canonical NF-κB signalling, and enriched LTβR target gene expression in lung epithelial cells from patients with smoking-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
[Nature]
Conlon, T. M., John-Schuster, G., Heide, D., Pfister, D., Lehmann, M., Hu, Y., Ertüz, Z., Lopez, M. A., Ansari, M., Strunz, M., Mayr, C., Ciminieri, C., Costa, R., Kohlhepp, M. S., Guillot, A., Günes, G., Jeridi, A., Funk, M. C., Beroshvili, G., … Yildirim, A. Ö. (2020). Inhibition of LTβR signalling activates WNT-induced regeneration in lung. Nature, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2882-8 Cite
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hsa_circNFXL1_009 Modulates Apoptosis, Proliferation, Migration, and Potassium Channel Activation in Pulmonary Hypertension

The authors explored the circular RNA profile in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the effects of hsa_circNFXL1_009 on abnormal proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells driven by hypoxia.
[Molecular Therapy-Nucleic Acids]
AbstractGraphical Abstract
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Neutrophil Elastase Promotes Macrophage Cell Adhesion and Cytokine Production through the Integrin-Src Kinases Pathway

The authors demonstrated that monocyte-derived Mɸ exposed to neutrophil elastas releases active matrix metalloproteinases, increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-8, and reduced capacity to phagocytose bacteria.
[Scientific Reports]
Krotova, K., Khodayari, N., Oshins, R., Aslanidi, G., & Brantly, M. L. (2020). Neutrophil elastase promotes macrophage cell adhesion and cytokine production through the integrin-Src kinases pathway. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 15874. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72667-3 Cite
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Current Smoking Status Is Associated with Reduced Sputum Immunoglobulin M and G Expression in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Levels of mmunoglobulin (igs) in induced sputum, a more direct measure of airway Igs, are not well studied. Given the vital role Igs perform in microbial defence and tissue homeostasis, investigators assessed airway Igs in induced sputum of smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
[European Respiratory Journal]
Cass, S. P., Yang, Y., Xiao, J., McGrath, J. J. C., Fantauzzi, M. F., Thayaparan, D., Wang, F., Liang, Z., Long, F., Stevenson, C. S., Chen, R., & Stampfli, M. R. (2020). Current smoking status is associated with reduced sputum immunoglobulin M and G expression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. European Respiratory Journal. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02338-2019 Cite
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