PD-1

[Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy] In an in vitro study using lung cancer cell lines and human monocyte-derived macrophages, the conditioned medium from cancer cells was found to up-regulate programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 expression on macrophages via STAT3 activation.

[Journal of Clinical Investigation] Scientists showed that human PD-1+Tim-3+ CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes upregulated phosphatidylserine, a receptor for Tim-3, and acquire cell surface myeloid markers from antigen presenting cells through transfer of membrane fragments called trogocytosis.

[Nature Immunology] Using a novel HLA-DRB1*15:01/S751 tetramer to track spike-specific CD4+ T cells, scientists showed that primary infection or vaccination induced robust S751-specific CXCR5− and cTFH cell memory responses.

[Cancer Immunology Research] Using an aggressive melanoma tumor model, the authors targeted PSGL-1 in tumor-bearing mice and found increased effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses and decreased regulatory T cells in tumors.

[Nature Immunology] Researchers showed that type 1 interferon regulated coinhibitory receptor expression on human T cells, inducing PD-1/TIM-3/LAG-3 while inhibiting T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domains expression.

[Cell Death Discovery] Scientists found that the expression of the c-Myc oncogene was negatively correlated with T cell infiltration rate in osteosarcoma. Pharmacological inhibition of c-Myc with JQ-1 significantly reduced tumor burden and improved overall survival in an immunocompetent syngeneic murine model of osteosarcoma.