T cells

[Advanced Healthcare Materials] The construction of a 1,3-propanesultone-grafted zwitterionic dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticle platform chelated with Gd(III) for immune checkpoint modulation is reported.

[Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology] Nomenclature reflecting the mutually opposing nature of T-cell self-renewal and T-cell differentiation would help synchronize phenomena such as T-cell memory, protective immunity, and T-cell exhaustion with other regenerative paradigms, as well as offer new strategies to influence the intensity and duration of immunity.

[Nature Reviews Rheumatology] Some patients do not respond to TNF inhibitor treatment and rare occurrences of paradoxical disease exacerbation have been reported. These limitations on the clinical efficacy of TNF inhibitors can be explained by the differences between TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR2 signalling and by the diverse effects of TNF on multiple immune cells, including FOXP3+ regulatory T cells.

[European Journal of Immunology] Researchers reported a direct comparison of E2- and P4-mediated effects on human CD4+ T cells, key cells in immune regulation. T cells were stimulated to obtain different levels of activation and exposed to a broad range of hormone concentrations.

[Scientific Reports] An in-silico approach has been adopted to construct a multi-epitope vaccine from selected immunogenic extracellular vesicle proteins to elicit a cellular as well as a humoral immune response.

[Nature Reviews Immunology] dentifying the mechanisms of protection as well as correlates of protection is crucially important to inform further vaccine development and guide the use of licensed COVID-19 vaccines worldwide.