Tag Archives: adipocytes

Induction of Muscle-Regenerative Multipotent Stem Cells from Human Adipocytes by PDGF-AB and 5-Azacytidine

Although the basal transcriptomes of adipocyte-derived induced multipotent stem cells and adipose tissue–derived MSCs were similar, changes were observed in histone modifications and CpG methylation at cis-regulatory regions consistent with an epigenetic landscape that was primed for tissue development and differentiation.
[Science Advances]
Yeola, A., Subramanian, S., Oliver, R. A., Lucas, C. A., Thoms, J. A. I., Yan, F., Olivier, J., Chacon, D., Tursky, M. L., Srivastava, P., Potas, J. R., Hung, T., Power, C., Hardy, P., Ma, D. D., Kilian, K. A., McCarroll, J., Kavallaris, M., Hesson, L. B., … Pimanda, J. E. (2021). Induction of muscle-regenerative multipotent stem cells from human adipocytes by PDGF-AB and 5-azacytidine. Science Advances, 7(3), eabd1929. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd1929 Cite
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Targeting of Glioma Stem-Like Cells with a Parthenolide Derivative ACT001 through Inhibition of AEBP1/PI3K/AKT Signaling

The effects of ACT001 on cell survival of normal human astrocytes and patient-derived glioma stem-like cells were evaluated. RNA-Seq were performed to detect differentially expressed genes.
[Theranostics]
Hou, Y., Sun, B., Liu, W., Yu, B., Shi, Q., Luo, F., Bai, Y., & Feng, H. (2021). Targeting of glioma stem-like cells with a parthenolide derivative ACT001 through inhibition of AEBP1/PI3K/AKT signaling. Theranostics, 11(2), 555–566. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.49250 Cite
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DsbA-L Deficiency in T Cells Promotes Diet-Induced Thermogenesis through Suppressing IFN-γ Production

Researchers showed that high-fat diet feeding greatly suppressed the expression of disulfide-bond A oxidoreductase-like protein (DsbA-L), a mitochondria-localized chaperone protein, in adipose-resident T cells, which correlated with reduced T cell mitochondrial function.
[Nature Communications]
Zhou, H., Peng, X., Hu, J., Wang, L., Luo, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Li, G., Ji, Y., Zhang, J., Bai, J., Liu, M., Zhou, Z., & Liu, F. (2021). DsbA-L deficiency in T cells promotes diet-induced thermogenesis through suppressing IFN-γ production. Nature Communications, 12(1), 326. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20665-4 Cite
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Metabolic Regulation of Skeletal Cell Fate and Function in Physiology and Disease

The authors discuss recent findings on the roles of cellular metabolism in determining skeletal stem cell fate, coordinating osteoblast and chondrocyte function, and organizing stromal support of hematopoiesis.
[Nature Metabolism]
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RANK Links Thymic Regulatory T Cells to Fetal Loss and Gestational Diabetes in Pregnancy

Investigators showed that the osteoclast differentiation receptor RANK couples female sex hormones to the rewiring of the thymus during pregnancy.
[Nature]
RANK links thymic regulatory T cells to fetal loss and gestational diabetes in pregnancy | Nature. (n.d.). Retrieved January 5, 2021, from https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03071-0 Cite
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What Is the Impact of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation on Clinical Treatment?

The authors describe two aspects of the clinical therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord (hUCs)-MSCs. They explains the benefits and mechanisms of HUC-MSC treatment in various diseases.
[Stem Cell Research & Therapy]
Xie, Q., Liu, R., Jiang, J., Peng, J., Yang, C., Zhang, W., Wang, S., & Song, J. (2020). What is the impact of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on clinical treatment? Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 11(1), 519. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-020-02011-z Cite
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Dermal Fibroblast-Like Cells Reprogrammed Directly from Adipocytes in Mouse

Researchers assessed whether the transfection of master regulators could reprogram mouse adipocytes into dermal fibroblast-like cells. Their results indicated the shrinkage of fat droplets in reprogrammed mouse adipocytes and their transformation into spindle-shaped dermal fibroblasts.
[Scientific Reports]
Toyosaki, M., Homma, K., Suzuki, S., Muraoka, N., Hashimoto, H., Goshima, N., Ieda, M., & Sasaki, J. (2020). Dermal fibroblast-like cells reprogrammed directly from adipocytes in mouse. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 21467. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78523-8 Cite
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Deficit in Adipose Differentiation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Chronic Rhinosinusitis Nasal Polyps Compared to Nasal Mucosal Tissue

MSC cultures were induced to differentiate toward adipocytes, where lipid droplets and adipocyte genes PPARγ2, ADIPO-Q, and FABP4 were observed in control non-polyp nasal mucosa-derived mesenchymal cells but were scarcely present in the cultures derived from the nasal polyps, where apoptosis was evident.
[International Journal of Molecular Sciences]
Chiarella, E., Lombardo, N., Lobello, N., Piazzetta, G. L., Morrone, H. L., Mesuraca, M., & Bond, H. M. (2020). Deficit in Adipose Differentiation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Chronic Rhinosinusitis Nasal Polyps Compared to Nasal Mucosal Tissue. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(23), 9214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21239214 Cite
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The Endocardium and Heart Valves

Scientists review the literature pertaining to the contribution of endocardial cells to valvular, and nonvalvular lineages and highlight critical pathways required for these processes.
[Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine]
Dye, B., & Lincoln, J. (2020). The Endocardium and Heart Valves. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 12(12), a036723. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a036723 Cite
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Generation of Immune Cell Containing Adipose Organoids for In Vitro Analysis of Immune Metabolism

Scientists created the first 3D adipose tissue organoid model which could contain and maintain resident immune cell populations of the stromal vascular fraction and proved to be effective in studying adipose tissue biology in a convenient manner.
[Scientific Reports]
Taylor, J., Sellin, J., Kuerschner, L., Krähl, L., Majlesain, Y., Förster, I., Thiele, C., Weighardt, H., & Weber, E. (2020). Generation of immune cell containing adipose organoids for in vitro analysis of immune metabolism. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 21104. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78015-9 Cite
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Amazing Remedies for Bone and Cartilage Defects

MSCs obtained from various sources have diverse capabilities of secreting many different cytokines, growth factors, and chemokines. It is believed that the salutary effects of MSCs from different sources are not alike in terms of repairing or reformation of injured skeletal tissues.
[Stem Cell Research & Therapy]
Kangari, P., Talaei-Khozani, T., Razeghian-Jahromi, I., & Razmkhah, M. (2020). Mesenchymal stem cells: amazing remedies for bone and cartilage defects. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 11(1), 492. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-020-02001-1 Cite
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