Tag Archives: aplastic anemia

In Vitro Expansion of Fetal Liver Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Scientists explored the expansion of fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells under in vitro conditions. They isolated mononuclear cells from fetal liver and hematopoietic stem cells were identified and analyzed by cell surface marker CD34.
[Scientific Reports]
Bhardwaj, R., Kumar, L., Chhabra, D., Mehra, N. K., Sharma, A., Mohanty, S., & Kochupillai, V. (2021). In vitro expansion of fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 11879. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91272-6 Cite
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Hematopoietic Stem Progenitor Cells Lacking HLA Differ from Those Lacking GPI-Anchored Proteins in the Hierarchical Stage and Sensitivity to Immune Attack in Patients with Acquired Aplastic Anemia

To characterize glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein-deficient and HLA-class I allele-lacking hematopoietic stem progenitor cells in acquired aplastic anemia (AA), researchers studied the peripheral blood of 56 AA patients in remission.
[Leukemia]
Yoroidaka, T., Hosokawa, K., Imi, T., Mizumaki, H., Katagiri, T., Ishiyama, K., Yamazaki, H., Azuma, F., Nanya, Y., Ogawa, S., & Nakao, S. (2021). Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells lacking HLA differ from those lacking GPI-anchored proteins in the hierarchical stage and sensitivity to immune attack in patients with acquired aplastic anemia. Leukemia, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-021-01202-8 Cite
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CCR5 Maintains Macrophages in the Bone Marrow and Drives Hematopoietic Failure in a Mouse Model of Severe Aplastic Anemia

IFNγ was required for increased expression of the chemokine receptor CCR5 on MΦs. CCR5 antagonism in murine SAA improved survival, correlating with increased platelets and significantly increased platelet-biased CD41hi HSCs.
[Leukemia]
Seyfried, A. N., McCabe, A., Smith, J. N. P., Calvi, L. M., & MacNamara, K. C. (2021). CCR5 maintains macrophages in the bone marrow and drives hematopoietic failure in a mouse model of severe aplastic anemia. Leukemia, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-021-01219-z Cite
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Feasibility of Reduced-Dose Posttransplant Cyclophosphamide and Cotransplantation of Peripheral Blood Stem Cells and Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for SAA

Scientists evaluated the effectiveness and safety of reduced-dose cyclophosphamide, 20 mg/kg for 13 patients in matched sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) cohort and 25 mg/kg for 22 patients in haplo-HSCT cohort, on days +3, +4 combined with cotransplantation of peripheral blood stem cells and human umbilical cord-derived MSCs for severe aplastic anemia (SAA).
[Scientific Reports]

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Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation for Aplastic Anemia: The Current Advances and Future Challenges

Scientists provide an overview of clinical results obtained through the use of haploidentical transplantation in severe aplastic anemia, mainly focusing on current advances and future challenges.
[Bone Marrow Transplantation]
Xu, Z.-L., & Huang, X.-J. (2020). Haploidentical stem cell transplantation for aplastic anemia: the current advances and future challenges. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-020-01169-7 Cite
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A Surge of DNA Damage Links Transcriptional Reprogramming and Hematopoietic Deficit in Fanconi Anemia

Investigators found that reprogramming transcription during hematopoietic differentiation resulted in an overload of genotoxic stress, which caused aborted differentiation and depletion of Fanconi anemia mutant progenitor cells.
[Molecular Cell]
Shen, X., Wang, R., Kim, M. J., Hu, Q., Hsu, C.-C., Yao, J., Klages-Mundt, N., Tian, Y., Lynn, E., Brewer, T. F., Zhang, Y., Arun, B., Gan, B., Andreeff, M., Takeda, S., Chen, J., Park, J., Shi, X., Chang, C. J., … Li, L. (2020). A Surge of DNA Damage Links Transcriptional Reprogramming and Hematopoietic Deficit in Fanconi Anemia. Molecular Cell, 80(6), 1013-1024.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2020.11.040 Cite
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A Study of Human Leukocyte Antigen‐Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation Combined with Allogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Infusion for Treatment of Severe Aplastic Anemia in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients

The authors designed a combination of haplo‐hematopoietic stem cells transplantation with allogenic mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of severe aplastic anemia in pediatric and adolescent patients and evaluated its effects.
[Stem Cells Translational Medicine]
Ding, L., Han, D.-M., Zheng, X.-L., Yan, H.-M., Xue, M., Liu, J., Zhu, L., Li, S., Mao, N., Guo, Z.-K., Ning, H.-M., Wang, H.-X., & Zhu, H. (n.d.). A study of human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cells transplantation combined with allogenic mesenchymal stem cell infusion for treatment of severe aplastic anemia in pediatric and adolescent patients. STEM CELLS Translational Medicine, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1002/sctm.20-0345 Cite
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PRDM8 Reveals Aberrant DNA Methylation in Aging Syndromes and Is Relevant for Hematopoietic and Neuronal Differentiation

Researchers analyzed blood samples of 70 aplastic anemia (AA) and 18 dyskeratosis congenita (DKC) patients to demonstrate that their epigenetic age predictions were overall increased, albeit not directly correlated with telomere length. Aberrant DNA methylation was observed in the gene PRDM8 in DKC and AA as well as in other diseases with premature aging phenotype, such as Down syndrome and Hutchinson-Gilford-Progeria syndrome.
[Clinical Epigenetics]
Cypris, O., Eipel, M., Franzen, J., Rösseler, C., Tharmapalan, V., Kuo, C.-C., Vieri, M., Nikolić, M., Kirschner, M., Brümmendorf, T. H., Zenke, M., Lampert, A., Beier, F., & Wagner, W. (2020). PRDM8 reveals aberrant DNA methylation in aging syndromes and is relevant for hematopoietic and neuronal differentiation. Clinical Epigenetics, 12(1), 125. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-020-00914-5 Cite
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Comparison of Two Different Rabbit Antithymocyte Globulin (r-ATG) Preparations:Thymocyte r-ATG versus T Lymphoblast Cell Line r-ATG in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acquired Severe Aplastic Anemia: Propensity Score-Matched Analysis

Researchers retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 214 severe aplastic anemia patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with r-ATG or ATG-Fresenius.
[Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation]
Liu, L., Xu, G., Zhang, Y., Jiao, W., Lei, M., Zhou, H., Wang, Q., Qiu, H., Tang, X., Han, Y., Fu, C., Jin, Z., Chen, S., Sun, A., Miao, M., & Wu, D. (2020). Comparison of two different rabbit antithymocyte globulin (r-ATG) preparations:Thymocyte r-ATG versus T lymphoblast cell line r-ATG in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acquired severe aplastic anemia: propensity score-matched analysis. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.08.020 Cite
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Single UM171-Expanded Cord Blood Transplant Can Cure Severe Idiopathic Aplastic Anemia in Absence of Suitable Donors

Investigators report the first case of an adult patient with severe aplastic anemia who was successfully transplanted with a UM171‐expanded cord blood graft. After a conditioning of rabbit anti‐thymocyte globulin, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation, a UM171 expanded graft of 3.29 x 106 CD34+ cells/kg was infused.
[European Journal of Haematology]
Claveau, J.-S., Cohen, S., Ahmad, I., Delisle, J.-S., Kiss, T., Lachance, S., Sauvageau, G., Busque, L., Brito, R.-M., Bambace, N., Bernard, L., Roy, D. C., & Roy, J. (n.d.). Single UM171-expanded cord blood transplant can cure severe idiopathic aplastic anemia in absence of suitable donors. European Journal of Haematology, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1111/ejh.13504 Cite
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