influenza

[Nature Communications] Researchers used a human lung alveolus chip that experienced cyclic breathing-like deformations to investigate whether physical forces influenced innate immune responses to viral infection.

[Science Advances] To determine the potential for viral adaptation to T cell responses, scientists probed the full influenza virus genome by next-generation sequencing directly ex vivo from infected mice, in the context of an experimental T cell-based vaccine, an H5N1-based viral vectored vaccinia vaccine Wyeth/IL-15/5Flu, versus the current standard-of-care.

[Immunological Reviews] The authors address the unique role of adaptive and innate immune cells in the control of pathogenic respiratory viruses and how pregnancy and specific hormones can impact their effector actions.

[Cell Death & Disease] The authors observed that the protection against IAV after active vaccination with matrix protein 2 ectodomain viral antigen was lost was Ripk3−/− mice.

[Emerging Microbes & Infections] Different T cell subpopulations have distinct characterizations and functions, and scientists revealed the high heterogeneity of susceptibility to viral infection and biological responses such as apoptosis in various CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell subsets through single-cell transcriptome analyses.

[Nature Communications] The authors reported SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced immune responses and breakthrough infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, who were treated either with an anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody, infliximab, or with vedolizumab targeting a gut-specific anti-integrin that did not impair systemic immunity.