interleukin-4

[Science Advances] Investigators reported that interleukin-4 –induced M0 → M2 macrophage polarization was accompanied by interchangeable glucose- or lactate-dependent tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism that directly drove histone acetylation, M2 gene transcription, and functional immune suppression.

[Scientific Reports] Scientists evaluated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and interleukin 4 (IL4)-stimulated microglial uptake of [14C]2DG and [18F]BCPP-EF to give a new insight into the hypothesis that different uptake of [18F]FDG and [18F]BCPP-EF could be ascribed to the different metabolic pathways activated during microglial activation.

[Science Advances] The authors evaluated effects of >50 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms and short insertions/deletions provided by five inbred strains of mice on the responses of macrophages to interleukin-4 (IL-4), a cytokine that plays pleiotropic roles in immunity and tissue homeostasis.

[British Journal of Immunology] Investigators elucidated the function of short chain fatty acids on human basophils. Human basophils were purified from healthy donors by flow cytometric sorting.

[Nature Communications] Investigators developed conjugate vaccines against mouse IL-4 and IL-13, and demonstrated their prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy in reducing IgE levels, AHR, eosinophilia and mucus production in mouse models of asthma analyzed up to 15 weeks after initial vaccination.

[Haematologica] Scientists investigated whether interleukin 4 (IL4) had antileukemic activity via immune-mediated mechanisms in an in vivo murine model of acute myeloid leukemia driven by the MLL–AF9 fusion gene.