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TGFβ

TGFβ2 and TGFβ3 Isoforms Drive Fibrotic Disease Pathogenesis

[Science Translational Medicine] Researchers showed that the latent forms of TGFβ2 and TGFβ3 can be activated by integrin-independent mechanisms and have lower activation thresholds compared to TGFβ1. Unlike TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 expression was increased in human lung and liver fibrotic tissues compared to healthy control tissues.

Adenosine Deaminase Modulates Metabolic Remodeling and Orchestrates Joint Destruction in Rheumatoid Arthritis

[Scientific Reports] Scientists presented an integrative analysis of clinical data, cytokines, serum metabolomics in rheumatoid arthritis patients and mechanistic studies on adenosine deaminase-mediated effects on in vitro cell culture models.

Pathophysiological Communication between Hepatocytes and Non-Parenchymal Cells in Liver Injury from NAFLD to Liver Fibrosis

[Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews] Reseachers overview recent findings from human study and animal models on the pathophysiological communication among hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells during the disease development.

Whole-Genome Analysis of TET Dioxygenase Function in Regulatory T Cells

[EMBO Reports] Investigators used whole-genome analyses to show that the transcriptional program and epigenetic features of Treg cells were attenuated in the absence of Tet2 and Tet3.

Hormonally Regulated Myogenic miR-486 Influences Sex-Specific Differences in Cancer-Induced Skeletal Muscle Defects

[Endocrinology] Estradiol (E2) and the clinically used selective estrogen receptor modulator toremifene increased miR-486 in undifferentiated and differentiated myoblast cell line C2C12 and E2-inducible expression correlated with direct binding of estrogen receptor alpha to the regulatory region of miR-486 gene.

Transcriptional Profiling of mESC-Derived Tendon and Fibrocartilage Cell Fate Switch

[Nature Communications] Investigators established directed differentiation models to generate tendon and fibrocartilage cells from mouse ESCs by activation of TGFβ and hedgehog pathways, achieving 90% induction efficiency.

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