Review

[Trends In Immunology] The authors argue that some of the key evolutionary novelties of adaptive immune systems of vertebrates are descendants of prokaryotic toxin–antitoxin systems, and discuss how the emergence of adaptive immunity gave rise to higher order genetic conflicts between genetic parasites and their vertebrate host.

[Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry] The authors summarize the recent studies focusing on various components of the lipophagic machinery that can be modulated for their potential role as therapeutic agents against a wide range of liver diseases.

[Hepatology] Scientists describe conserved and distinct pathogenic pathways highlighting therapeutic targets which may be of potential in both alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and those which are unique to each disease.

[Future Oncology] The authors provide an overview of the current systemic treatments available for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and reviews studies that investigate the optimal timing for the use of radium-22.

[Advanced Materials] The authors review recent developments in in vitro neuromuscular junction (NMJ) models with 2D or 3D cultures, from organ-on-a-chip and organoids, to biohybrid robotics. They also introduce related derivative techniques for functional analysis of the NMJ.

[Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology] The current definition of oligometastatic seems incomplete since it is based only on imaging findings and does not include biological features, and the majority of relevant data supporting this strategy comes from retrospective or non-randomized studies.