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Distinct Use of Super-enhancer Elements Controls Cell Type–Specific CD25 Transcription and Function

[Science Immunology] The authors investigated CD25 regulation and function using a series of mice with deletions spanning STAT5-binding elements.

IL-21R-STAT3 Signaling Initiates a Differentiation Program in Uterine Tissue-Resident NK Cells to Support Pregnancy

[Nature Communications] Investigators characterized uterine tissue-resident Natural Killer cells longitudinally during pregnancy by single cell RNA sequencing and found that the combined expression pattern of 4-1BB and CD55 defined their three distinct stages of differentiation in mice.

Foxp3 Orchestrates Reorganization of Chromatin Architecture to Establish Regulatory T Cell Identity

[Nature Communications] By comprehensively mapping 3D chromatin organization during Treg cell differentiation, scientists showed that Treg-specific chromatin structures were progressively established during its lineage specification, and highly associated with Treg signature gene expression.

Target ssDNA Activates the NADase Activity of Prokaryotic SPARTA Immune System

[Nature Chemical Biology] Researchers used cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structures of inactive monomeric and active tetrameric Crenotalea thermophila short prokaryotic Ago/TIR–APAZ (SPARTA) complexes.

RANKL/RANK Is Required for Cytokine-Induced Beta Cell Death; Osteoprotegerin, a RANKL Inhibitor, Reverses Rodent Type 1 Diabetes

[Science Advances] Investigators demonstrated that the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa Β (NF-κB) (RANK) pathway mediated cytokine-induced rodent and human β cell death through RANK-tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 6 interaction and induction of NF-κB activation.

SARS-CoV-2 Viral Persistence in Lung Alveolar Macrophages Is Controlled by IFN-γ and NK Cells

[Nature Immunology] Investigators used a model of viral infection in macaques to address whether SARS-CoV-2 persists in the body and which mechanisms regulate its persistence.

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