TY - JOUR TI - An Insight into the Roles of Dietary Tryptophan and Its Metabolites in Intestinal Inflammation and Inflammatory Bowel Disease AU - Li, Xiaolan AU - Zhang, Zhi-Hong AU - Zabed, Hossain M. AU - Yun, Junhua AU - Zhang, Guoyan AU - Qi, Xianghui T2 - Molecular Nutrition & Food Research AB - Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is complex, chronic, and relapsing gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders, which includes mainly two conditions, namely ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Development of IBD in any individual is closely related to his/her autoimmune regulation, gene-microbiota interactions, and dietary factors. Dietary tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid for intestinal mucosal cells, and it is associated with the intestinal inflammation, epithelial barrier, and energy homeostasis of the host. According to recent studies, Trp and its three major metabolic pathways, namely kynurenine (KYN) pathway, indole pathway, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) pathway, have vital roles in the regulation of intestinal inflammation by acting directly or indirectly on the pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines, functions of various immune cells, as well as the intestinal microbial composition and homeostasis. In this review, recent advances in Trp- and its metabolites-associated intestinal inflammation are summarized. It further discusses the complex mechanisms and interrelationships of the three major metabolic pathways of Trp in regulating inflammation, which could elucidate the value of dietary Trp to be used as a nutrient for IBD patients. DA - 2021/// PY - 2021 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.202000461 DP - Wiley Online Library VL - 65 IS - 5 SP - 2000461 LA - en SN - 1613-4133 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mnfr.202000461 Y2 - 2021/03/05/17:56:51 KW - Crohn's disease KW - dietary tryptophan KW - inflammatory bowel disease KW - tryptophan metabolism KW - ulcerative colitis ER -