TY - JOUR TI - Hepatobiliary organoids and their applications for studies of liver health and disease: are we there yet? AU - Shiota, Junya AU - Samuelson, Linda C. AU - Razumilava, Nataliya T2 - Hepatology AB - Organoid culture systems have emerged as a frontier technology in liver and biliary research. These 3-dimensional (3D) cell cultures derived from pluripotent and adult hepatobiliary cells model organ structure and function. Building on gastrointestinal organoid establishment, the first hepatobiliary organoid cultures were generated from mouse LGR5+ liver progenitor cells. Subsequently, 3D hepatobiliary organoid cultures were developed from hepatocytes and cholangiocytes to model human and animal hepatobiliary health and disease. Hepatocyte organoids have been used to study Alagille syndrome, fatty liver disease, Wilson’s disease, hepatitis B viral infection, and cystic fibrosis. Cholangiocyte organoids have been established to study normal cholangiocyte biology and primary sclerosing cholangitis, and to test organoid potential to form bile ducts and gallbladder in vitro. Hepatobiliary cancer organoids, termed tumoroids, have been established from frozen and fresh human tissues and used as a drug-testing platform and for biobanking of cancer samples. CRISPR-based gene modifications and organoid exposure to infectious agents have permitted the generation of organoid models of carcinogenesis. This review summarizes currently available adult cell-derived hepatobiliary organoid models and their applications. Challenges faced by this young technology will be discussed, including cellular immaturity of organoid-derived hepatocytes, co-culture development to better model complex tissue structure, imperfection of extracellular matrices, and absence of standardized protocols and model validation. DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.31772 DP - Wiley Online Library VL - n/a IS - n/a LA - en SN - 1527-3350 ST - Hepatobiliary organoids and their applications for studies of liver health and disease UR - https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hep.31772 Y2 - 2021/03/01/22:03:39 KW - bile duct KW - drug discovery KW - gallbladder KW - pluripotent cells KW - regeneration KW - stem and progenitor cells ER -