Endothelial Thrombomodulin Downregulation Caused by Hypoxia Contributes to Severe Infiltration and Coagulopathy in COVID-19 Patient Lungs

Pulmonary endothelial cells become dysfunctional during COVID-19, showing a loss of thrombomodulin expression related to severe thrombosis and infiltration, and endothelial cell dysfunction might be caused by a pathologic condition in COVID-19 patient lungs rather than a direct infection with SARS-CoV-2.