Keep Current with the Latest in Cell Biology Research

Ameliorative Effects of Alginate Oligosaccharide on Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Cell Injury

The porcine small intestinal epithelial cell line IPEC-J2 was used to assess the ameliorative effects of alginate oligosaccharide on tumour necrosis factor-α-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury.
[International Immunopharmacology]
Wan, J., Zhang, J., Yin, H., Chen, D., Yu, B., & He, J. (2020). Ameliorative effects of alginate oligosaccharide on tumour necrosis factor-α-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury. International Immunopharmacology, 89, 107084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107084 Cite
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The Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal Axis Controls Muscle Stem Cell Senescence through Autophagosome Clearance

Investigators generated muscle stem cell‐specific androgen receptor and estrogen receptor 2 double knockout mice and pharmacologically inhibited the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis to mimic decreased serum levels of sex steroid hormones in aged mice.
[Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle]
Kim, J.-H., Park, I., Shin, H. R., Rhee, J., Seo, J.-Y., Jo, Y.-W., Yoo, K., Hann, S.-H., Kang, J.-S., Park, J., Kim, Y. L., Moon, J.-Y., Choi, M. H., & Kong, Y.-Y. (n.d.). The hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis controls muscle stem cell senescence through autophagosome clearance. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12653 Cite
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SON Inhibits Megakaryocytic Differentiation via Repressing RUNX1 and the Megakaryocytic Gene Expression Program in Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia

Scientists report that SON, a chromosome 21-encoded DNA- and RNA-binding protein, inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation by suppressing RUNX1 and the megakaryocytic gene expression program.
[Cancer Gene Therapy]
Vukadin, L., Kim, J.-H., Park, E. Y., Stone, J. K., Ungerleider, N., Baddoo, M. C., Kong, H. K., Richard, A., Tran, J., Giannini, H., Flemington, E. K., Lim, S.-T. S., & Ahn, E.-Y. E. (2020). SON inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation via repressing RUNX1 and the megakaryocytic gene expression program in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Cancer Gene Therapy, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41417-020-00262-9 Cite
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CARM1 Regulates AMPK Signaling in Skeletal Muscle

The authors observed altered interactions between coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its network, including forkhead box protein O1, during muscle disuse.
[iScience]
Stouth, D. W., vanLieshout, T. L., Ng, S. Y., Webb, E. K., Manta, A., Moll, Z., & Ljubicic, V. (2020). CARM1 Regulates AMPK Signaling in Skeletal Muscle. IScience, 23(11), 101755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101755 Cite
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APC Regulation of ESRP1 and p120-Catenin Isoforms in Colorectal Cancer Cells

This report describes the effects of full-length, wild-type APC (fl-APC) on cell-cell adhesion genes and p120-catenin isoform switching in SW480 colon cancer cells: fl-APC increased the expression of genes implicated in cell-cell adhesion, whereas the expression of negative regulators of E-cadherin were decreased.
[Molecular Biology of the Cell]
Faux, M. C., King, L. E., Kane, S. R., Love, C., Sieber, O. M., & Burgess, A. W. (2020). APC regulation of ESRP1 and p120-catenin isoforms in colorectal cancer cells. Molecular Biology of the Cell, mbc.E20-05-0321. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E20-05-0321 Cite
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PMV Pharma Doses First Patient in Phase I/II Study of PC14586, a First-in-Class Precision Oncology Therapy that Targets Mutant p53

PMV Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced dosing of the first patient in its Phase I/II clinical trial evaluating PC14586, the company’s investigational lead compound that targets the Y220C mutant of p53.
[PMV Pharmaceuticals, Inc.]
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Single‐Cell RNA Sequencing and Lipidomics Reveal Cell and Lipid Dynamics of Fat Infiltration in Skeletal Muscle

Researchers identified nine distinct major clusters including myeloid‐derived cells, fibroblast/fibro/adipogenic progenitors, and skeletal muscle stem cells in glycerol‐injured skeletal muscle.
[Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle]
Xu, Z., You, W., Chen, W., Zhou, Y., Nong, Q., Valencak, T. G., Wang, Y., & Shan, T. (n.d.). Single-cell RNA sequencing and lipidomics reveal cell and lipid dynamics of fat infiltration in skeletal muscle. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12643 Cite
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Salidroside Regulates Inflammatory Pathway of Alveolar Macrophages by Influencing the Secretion of miRNA-146a Exosomes by Lung Epithelial Cells

Scientists explored the investigative mechanism of salidroside on LPS-induced acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome.
[Scientific Reports]
Zheng, L., Su, J., Zhang, Z., Jiang, L., Wei, J., Xu, X., & Lv, S. (2020). Salidroside regulates inflammatory pathway of alveolar macrophages by influencing the secretion of miRNA-146a exosomes by lung epithelial cells. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 20750. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77448-6 Cite
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Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Induces Autophagy in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

The authors utilized confluent Caco‐2 cell monolayers as in vitro model of intestinal epithelial cells to investigate the potential role of autophagy in the pathophysiology of cryptosporidiosis.
[Cellular Microbiology]
Priyamvada, S., Jayawardena, D., Bhalala, J., Kumar, A., Anbazhagan, A. N., Alrefai, W. A., Borthakur, A., & Dudeja, P. K. (n.d.). Cryptosporidium parvum infection induces autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells. Cellular Microbiology, n/a(n/a), e13298. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/cmi.13298 Cite
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Epigenetic Regulation in the Pathogenesis of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer

The authors discuss the recent advances in the field of epigenetics of non-melanoma skin cancer. Particularly, the role of DNA methylation, histone hyperacetylation and non-coding RNA such as long-chain noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs and miRNA in the disease progression are summarized.
[Seminars in Cancer Biology]
Kashyap, M. P., Sinha, R., Mukhtar, M. S., & Athar, M. (2020). Epigenetic Regulation in the Pathogenesis of Non-melanoma Skin Cancer. Seminars in Cancer Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.009 Cite
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Endocytic Internalization of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 in Human Keratinocytes at Low Temperature

To address the role of the internalization mode, scientists performed infection studies at low temperature as a tool to interfere with endocytic pathways. Successful Herpes simplex virus-1 entry in primary human keratinocytes and HaCaT cells were observed even at 7°C, although delayed compared to infection at 37°C.
[Journal of Virology]
Cruz, N. D. L., & Knebel-Mörsdorf, D. (2020). Endocytic Internalization of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 in Human Keratinocytes at Low Temperature. Journal of Virology. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02195-20 Cite
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