Keep Current with the Latest in Cell Biology Research

H2A.Z Overexpression Suppresses Senescence and Chemosensitivity in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Scientists demonstrated that the histone variant H2A.Z was highly expressed in PDAC cell lines and PDAC patients and that its overexpression correlated with poor prognosis.
[Oncogene]
Ávila-López, P. A., Guerrero, G., Nuñez-Martínez, H. N., Peralta-Alvarez, C. A., Hernández-Montes, G., Álvarez-Hilario, L. G., Herrera-Goepfert, R., Albores-Saavedra, J., Villegas-Sepúlveda, N., Cedillo-Barrón, L., Montes-Gómez, A. E., Vargas, M., Schnoor, M., Recillas-Targa, F., & Hernández-Rivas, R. (2021). H2A.Z overexpression suppresses senescence and chemosensitivity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncogene, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-021-01664-1 Cite
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Sialic Acids in Pancreatic Cancer Cells Drive Tumor-Associated Macrophage Differentiation via the Siglec Receptors Siglec-7 and Siglec-9

Researchers showed that PDAC tumor cells present an increased sialylation that could be recognized by Siglec-7 and Siglec-9 on myeloid cells.
[Nature Communications]
Rodriguez, E., Boelaars, K., Brown, K., Eveline Li, R. J., Kruijssen, L., Bruijns, S. C. M., van Ee, T., Schetters, S. T. T., Crommentuijn, M. H. W., van der Horst, J. C., van Grieken, N. C. T., van Vliet, S. J., Kazemier, G., Giovannetti, E., Garcia-Vallejo, J. J., & van Kooyk, Y. (2021). Sialic acids in pancreatic cancer cells drive tumour-associated macrophage differentiation via the Siglec receptors Siglec-7 and Siglec-9. Nature Communications, 12(1), 1270. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21550-4 Cite
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Glucagon Blockade Restores Functional β-Cell Mass in Type 1 Diabetic Mice and Enhances Function of Human Islets

The authors evaluated the potential for a monoclonal antibody antagonist of the glucagon receptor to maintain glucose homeostasis in type 1 diabetic rodents.
[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]
Wang, M.-Y., Dean, E. D., Quittner-Strom, E., Zhu, Y., Chowdhury, K. H., Zhang, Z., Zhao, S., Li, N., Ye, R., Lee, Y., Zhang, Y., Chen, S., Yu, X., Leonard, D. C., Poffenberger, G., Deylen, A. V., McCorkle, S. K., Schlegel, A., Sloop, K. W., … Holland, W. L. (2021). Glucagon blockade restores functional β-cell mass in type 1 diabetic mice and enhances function of human islets. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(9). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022142118 Cite
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Nerve Growth Factor Receptor Increases the Tumor Growth and Metastatic Potential of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells

By using RNA-seq analysis, the authors found that nerve growth factor receptor was highly expressed in metastatic lung clones of MDA-MB-231 cells.
[Oncogene]
Wu, R., Li, K., Yuan, M., & Luo, K. Q. (2021). Nerve growth factor receptor increases the tumor growth and metastatic potential of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncogene, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-021-01691-y Cite
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Direct Cell Reprogramming: Approaches, Mechanisms and Progress

Scientists discuss the evolution of direct reprogramming from a transcription factor-based method to a small-molecule-driven approach, the recent progress in enhancing reprogrammed cell maturation, and the challenges associated with in vivo direct reprogramming for translational applications.
[Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology]
Wang, H., Yang, Y., Liu, J., & Qian, L. (2021). Direct cell reprogramming: approaches, mechanisms and progress. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-021-00335-z Cite
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Large‐Scale Generation of Megakaryocytes from Human Embryonic Stem Cells Using Transgene‐Free and Stepwise Defined Suspension Culture Conditions

Scientists defined an optimal, stepwise and completely xeno‐free culture protocol for the generation of megakaryocytes from human embryonic stem cells.
[Cell Proliferation]
Zhang, B., Wu, X., Zi, G., He, L., Wang, S., Chen, L., Fan, Z., Nan, X., Xi, J., Yue, W., Wang, L., Wang, L., Hao, J., Pei, X., & Li, Y. (n.d.). Large-scale generation of megakaryocytes from human embryonic stem cells using transgene-free and stepwise defined suspension culture conditions. Cell Proliferation, n/a(n/a), e13002. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.13002 Cite
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A Synthetic mRNA Cell Reprogramming Method Using CYCLIN D1 Promotes DNA Repair Generating Improved Genetically Stable Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Investigators demonstrated that CYCLIN D1 made induced pluripotent stem cells have lower multitelomeric signal, reduced double‐strand DNA breaks, correct nuclear localization of RAD51 protein expression, and reduced SNP changes per chromosome, compared with the classical reprogramming method using C‐MYC.
[Stem Cells]
Alvarez‐Palomo, A. B., Requena‐Osete, J., Delgado‐Morales, R., Moreno‐Manzano, V., Grau‐Bove, C., Tejera, A. M., Otero, M. J., Barrot, C., Santos‐Barriopedro, I., Vaquero, A., Mezquita‐Pla, J., Moran, S., Naya, C. H., Garcia‐Martínez, I., Pérez, F. V., Blasco, M. A., Esteller, M., & Edel, M. J. (n.d.). A synthetic mRNA cell reprogramming method using CYCLIN D1 promotes DNA repair generating improved genetically stable human induced pluripotent stem cells. STEM CELLS, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.3358 Cite
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Century Therapeutics Significantly Expands Capabilities with New Operational, Laboratory and Manufacturing Facilities in Pennsylvania and New Jersey

Century Therapeutics announced a significant expansion of its operational and laboratory space in Philadelphia, as well as progress on its manufacturing facility in Branchburg, NJ, paving the way for a strong technical foundation as the company scales up its in-house research and development capabilities.
[Century Therapeutics (Cision US Inc.)]
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KPT-330 Prevents Aortic Valve Calcification via a Novel C/EBPβ Signaling Pathway

Researchers showed that KPT-330 prevented, attenuated and mitigated calcific nodule formation in heart valve interstitial cells in vitro, and prevented calcific aortic valve disease in Klotho-/- mice.
[Circulation Research]
Dutta Punashi, Kodigepalli Madhav Karthik, LaHaye Stephanie, Thompson J Will, Rains Sarah, Nagel Casey, Thatcher Kaitlyn, Hinton Robert B, & Lincoln Joy. (n.d.). KPT-330 Prevents Aortic Valve Calcification via a Novel C/EBPβ Signaling Pathway. Circulation Research, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.318503 Cite
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Intraductal Xenografts Show Lobular Carcinoma Cells Rely on Their Own Extracellular Matrix and LOXL1

Analysis of TCGA patient datasets showed matrisome signature was enriched in lobular carcinomas with overexpression of elastin, collagens, and the collagen modifying enzyme LOXL1.
[EMBO Molecular Medicine]
Sflomos, G., Battista, L., Aouad, P., De Martino, F., Scabia, V., Stravodimou, A., Ayyanan, A., Ifticene-Treboux, A., Rls, Bucher, P., Fiche, M., Ambrosini, G., & Brisken, C. (2021). Intraductal xenografts show lobular carcinoma cells rely on their own extracellular matrix and LOXL1. EMBO Molecular Medicine, n/a(n/a), e13180. https://doi.org/10.15252/emmm.202013180 Cite
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Cancer‐Associated Fibroblast‐Derived Exosomal MicroRNA‐24‐3p Enhances Colon Cancer Cell Resistance to MTX by Down‐Regulating CDX2/HEPH Axis

Investigators identified differentially expressed HEPH, CDX2 and miR‐24‐3p in colon cancer (CC) through bioinformatics analyses, and validated their expression in CC tissues and cells.
[Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine]
Zhang, H.-W., Shi, Y., Liu, J.-B., Wang, H.-M., Wang, P.-Y., Wu, Z.-J., Li, L., Gu, L.-P., Cao, P.-S., Wang, G.-R., Ma, Y.-S., & Fu, D. (n.d.). Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived exosomal microRNA-24-3p enhances colon cancer cell resistance to MTX by down-regulating CDX2/HEPH axis. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.15765 Cite
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