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Immunology of Infectious Disease News
Immunology of Infectious Disease News is an online resource dedicated to covering the latest research and developments in the field of infectious diseases.
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Modulation of Pulmonary IL-21 Expression during Latent TB and Mtb/SIV Co-Infection
[JCI Insight] Scientists investigated the modulation of IL-21 during LTBI and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)/ Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) co-infection in non-human primates. They showed that IL-21 expression, predominantly derived from CD4⁺ T cells, is reduced in lungs of Mtb/SIV co-infected macaques.
IL-33-Induced ILC2 Effector Cytokine Responses Promote the Expansion of Red Pulp Macrophages
[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America] Researchers showed that infection with the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis or treatment with IL-33 results in the accumulation of activated group 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2s) in the spleen.
Loss of Nsp14-Exonuclease Activity Impairs the Replication, Proofreading, Fitness, and Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2
[Mbio] Investigators reported a saturation mutagenesis approach facilitating the recovery and analysis of several constellations of SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein 14-ExoN-inactivating, loss-of-function substitutions, including the canonical D90A and E92A.
HIV Inhibits Warburg Metabolism in Human Macrophages Infected with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
[Scientific Reports] Using the U1 chronically HIV-infected macrophage cell line model coupled with primary human monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to HIV-1 gp120, researchers characterized transcriptomic and immunometabolic perturbations during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
Direct Relief and the Pfizer Foundation Announce New Grantees in Fifth Year of Infectious Disease Program
[Direct Relief] Direct Relief and The Pfizer Foundation announced the third cohort of the Innovation Awards in Community Health, supporting infectious disease prevention and management in underserved communities.
Consolidator Grant Supports Long-Term Research on Brain Infections
[Karolinska Institutet] Federico Iovino has been awarded a five-year consolidator grant from Karolinska Institutet for his research on bacterial infections that affect the brain. The funding will enable long-term planning in studies of conditions such as meningitis and encephalitis.
Maternal Helminths Rewire the Microbiota to Promote Offspring Antiviral Immunity
[Cell Host & Microbe] Researchers discovered that maternal helminths, an evolutionarily conserved mammalian partner lost in industrialized societies, confer broad and lasting protection against respiratory viruses in offspring. Analysis of chronically helminth-infected human populations reveals gut microbiota enriched for tryptophan metabolic capacity.
Affinity-Matured B Cell Responses Neutralizing Type-I Interferons Underlie Severe Viral Infections
[Cell] Researchers reported that autoantibodies neutralizing type-I interferon-positive patients with life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia harbor circulating type-I IFN-specific B cells indistinguishable from patients bearing T cell tolerance defects of genetic origin.
MELK Inhibition Disrupts Actin Cytoskeleton and Broadly Restricts Human Coronavirus Infections
[Nature Communications] Investigators identified maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) as a common kinase required for the infections of multiple human coronaviruses currently circulating in the population. Inhibition of MELK activity by OTSSP167 exhibits broad antiviral effects in human airway organoids as well as in mice under a prophylactic setting.
HIV-1 Signaling Remodels Nuclear Pores to License Infection
[Nature] Investigators showed that HIV-1 capsid nuclear import at the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a bottleneck to resting T cell infection, but that HIV-1 overcomes this by triggering receptor-mediated signalling during cell–cell spread to drive nuclear import and licence infection.
Human Sand Fly Challenge Elicits Saliva-Specific Innate and Type 1-Polarized Immunity That Promotes Leishmania Killing
[Communications Biology] Scientists identified two Lu. longipalpis salivary proteins, LJM19 and LJL143, which elicit type 1 cytokine responses in cells from exposed individuals and which correlate with enhanced killing of Leishmania parasites in co-cultured macrophages.
NV-387 for The Treatment of Measles is Granted Orphan Drug Designation by The US FDA
[NanoViricides, Inc. (BioSpace)] NanoViricides, Inc. announced that its clinical stage, broad-spectrum, antiviral drug NV-387 has been granted an Orphan Drug Designation by the US FDA. NV-387 is the only drug candidate that has demonstrated strong in vivo activity against lethal infection with the Measles virus in a humanized animal model study.
Immunology of Infectious Disease News was founded to keep the scientific community current with the latest developments in infectious disease research. We feature high-impact publications, news, jobs, and events focused on immune responses to and the development of treatments for infectious diseases such as COVID-19, HIV, hepatitis, tuberculosis, influenza, and malaria.
