Category Archives: ESC & iPSC

ESC & iPSC News is an online publication and email newsletter dedicated to the latest research in the fields of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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Since 2007, ESC & iPSC News has been providing weekly updates on the top publications, reviews, and news in pluripotent stem cell research. Through our website, Twitter, and email newsletters, our editorial team is proud to help keep researchers and medical professionals up-to-date with the latest discoveries, jobs, and event postings in the pluripotent stem cell field.

APOE2 Mitigates Disease-Related Phenotypes in an Isogenic hiPSC-Based Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Investigators utilized an isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-based system to demonstrate that conversion of APOE3 to APOE2 greatly reduced the production of amyloid-beta peptides in hiPSC-derived neural cultures.
[Molecular Psychiatry]
Brookhouser, N., Raman, S., Frisch, C., Srinivasan, G., & Brafman, D. A. (2021). APOE2 mitigates disease-related phenotypes in an isogenic hiPSC-based model of Alzheimer’s disease. Molecular Psychiatry, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-021-01076-3 Cite
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Efficient Conversion of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Into Microglia by Defined Transcription Factors

The authors report a novel approach that produces, within ten days, the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into microglia by forced expression of both SPI1 and CEBPA.
[Stem Cell Reports]
Chen, S.-W., Hung, Y.-S., Fuh, J.-L., Chen, N.-J., Chu, Y.-S., Chen, S.-C., Fann, M.-J., & Wong, Y.-H. (2021). Efficient conversion of human induced pluripotent stem cells into microglia by defined transcription factors. Stem Cell Reports, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.03.010 Cite
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Dissection of Two Routes to Naïve Pluripotency Using Different Kinase Inhibitors

Researchers use mass spectrometry to describe the molecular events triggered by inhibition of Mek1/2 and Gsk3 and inhibition of Cdk8/19 on ESCs.
[Nature Communications]
Martinez-Val, A., Lynch, C. J., Calvo, I., Ximénez-Embún, P., Garcia, F., Zarzuela, E., Serrano, M., & Munoz, J. (2021). Dissection of two routes to naïve pluripotency using different kinase inhibitors. Nature Communications, 12(1), 1863. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22181-5 Cite
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Identification of an Endogenous Glutamatergic Transmitter System Controlling Excitability and Conductivity of Atrial Cardiomyocytes

Researchers reveal an intrinsic glutamatergic transmitter system directly modulating excitability and conductivity of atrial cardiomyocytes through controlling ionotropic glutamate receptor-gated currents.
[Cell Research]
Xie, D., Xiong, K., Su, X., Wang, G., Ji, Q., Zou, Q., Wang, L., Liu, Y., Liang, D., Xue, J., Wang, L., Gao, X., Gu, X., Liu, H., He, X., Li, L., Yang, J., Lu, Y., Peng, L., & Chen, Y.-H. (2021). Identification of an endogenous glutamatergic transmitter system controlling excitability and conductivity of atrial cardiomyocytes. Cell Research, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-021-00499-5 Cite
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Ionizing Radiation Exposure of Stem Cell-Derived Chondrocytes Affects Their Gene and MicroRNA Expression Profiles and Cytokine Production

The authors evaluated the effect of ionizing radiation on chondrocyte-like cells differentiated from hiPSCs by determining their gene and microRNA expression profile and proteomic analysis.
[Scientific Reports]
Stelcer, E., Kulcenty, K., Rucinski, M., Kruszyna-Mochalska, M., Skrobala, A., Sobecka, A., Jopek, K., & Suchorska, W. M. (2021). Ionizing radiation exposure of stem cell-derived chondrocytes affects their gene and microRNA expression profiles and cytokine production. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 7481. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86230-1 Cite
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TFEB Regulates Pluripotency Transcriptional Network in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Independent of Autophagy–Lysosomal Biogenesis

Scientists proposed a novel mechanism for transcription factor EB (TFEB) governing pluripotency of mESCs by regulating the pluripotency transcriptional network.
[Cell Death & Disease]
Tan, A., Prasad, R., & Jho, E. (2021). TFEB regulates pluripotency transcriptional network in mouse embryonic stem cells independent of autophagy–lysosomal biogenesis. Cell Death & Disease, 12(4), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-021-03632-9 Cite
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Glycan Epitopes on 201B7 Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using R-10G and R-17F Marker Antibodies

Investigators developed two hiPSC/hESC-specific glycan-recognizing mouse antibodies, R-10G and R-17F, using the Tic hiPSC line as an antigen. R-10G recognized a low-sulfate keratan sulfate, and R-17F recognized lacto-N-fucopentaose-1.
[Biomolecules]
Nagai, Y., Nakao, H., Kojima, A., Komatsubara, Y., Ohta, Y., Kawasaki, N., Kawasaki, N., Toyoda, H., & Kawasaki, T. (2021). Glycan Epitopes on 201B7 Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using R-10G and R-17F Marker Antibodies. Biomolecules, 11(4), 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11040508 Cite
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PUMA Facilitates EMI1-Promoted Cytoplasmic Rad51 Ubiquitination and Inhibits DNA Repair in Stem and Progenitor Cells

Scientists identified a novel role of PUMA in regulation of DNA repair in embryonic or iPSCs and immortalized hematopoietic progenitor cells after ionizing radiation.
[Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy]
Kang, J. W., Zhan, Z., Ji, G., Sang, Y., Zhou, D., Li, Y., Feng, H., & Cheng, T. (2021). PUMA facilitates EMI1-promoted cytoplasmic Rad51 ubiquitination and inhibits DNA repair in stem and progenitor cells. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 6(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-021-00510-w Cite
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Eltrombopag Improves Erythroid Differentiation in a Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Model of Diamond Blackfan Anemia

Diamond Blackfan Anemia (DBA) iPSC lines were generated from blood mononuclear cells of DBA patients with inactivating mutations in RPS19 and subjected to hematopoietic differentiation to model disease phenotypes.
[Cells]
Qanash, H., Li, Y., Smith, R. H., Linask, K., Young-Baird, S., Hakami, W., Keyvanfar, K., Choy, J. S., Zou, J., & Larochelle, A. (2021). Eltrombopag Improves Erythroid Differentiation in a Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Model of Diamond Blackfan Anemia. Cells, 10(4), 734. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10040734 Cite
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Overlapping Roles of JIP3 and JIP4 in Promoting Axonal Transport of Lysosomes in Human iPSC-Derived Neurons

Investigators established a hiPSC-derived neuron model for the investigation of axonal lysosome transport and maturation and showed that loss of JIP3 resulted in the accumulation of axonal lysosomes and the Alzheimer’s disease-related amyloid precursor protein-derived Aβ42 peptide.
[Molecular Biology of the Cell]
Gowrishankar, S., Lyons, L., Rafiq, N. M., Roczniak-Ferguson, A., De Camilli, P., & Ferguson, S. M. (2021). Overlapping roles of JIP3 and JIP4 in promoting axonal transport of lysosomes in human iPSC-derived neurons. Molecular Biology of the Cell, mbc.E20-06-0382. https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E20-06-0382 Cite
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Functional and Molecular Properties of DYT-SGCE Myoclonus-Dystonia Patient-Derived Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons

To elucidate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of myoclonus dystonia, scientists investigated iPSC-derived striatal medium spiny neurons from two myoclonus-dystonia patients carrying a heterozygous mutation in the SGCE gene in comparison to two matched healthy control lines.
[International Journal of Molecular Sciences]
Kutschenko, A., Staege, S., Grütz, K., Glaß, H., Kalmbach, N., Gschwendtberger, T., Henkel, L. M., Heine, J., Grünewald, A., Hermann, A., Seibler, P., & Wegner, F. (2021). Functional and Molecular Properties of DYT-SGCE Myoclonus-Dystonia Patient-Derived Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(7), 3565. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073565 Cite
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