Endothelial Cell News 2.29 August 28, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYCD146 Coordinates Brain Endothelial Cell–Pericyte Communication for Blood–Brain Barrier Development The authors report a single cell receptor, CD146, that presents dynamic expression patterns in the cerebrovasculature at the stages of blood–brain barrier (BBB) induction and maturation, coordinates the interplay of endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes, and orchestrates BBB development spatiotemporally. In mouse brain, CD146 was first expressed in the cerebrovascular ECs of immature capillaries without pericyte coverage; with increased coverage of pericytes, CD146 could only be detected in pericytes, but not in cerebrovascular ECs. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Investigators used peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) adhesion assays in both a highly novel 3D biomimetic model of the human vasculature composed of primary human endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells cultured under flow conditions, as well as in monolayer cultures of ECs, to study how high-density lipoproteins protect ECs from the detrimental effects of beta-amyloid (Aβ). [Mol Neurodegener] Full Article Researchers used a quantitative phosphoproteomics approach to show that classical and peptide activation of PAR1 induce highly similar signaling, that low thrombin concentrations initiate only limited phosphoregulation, and that the PAR1 inhibitors vorapaxar and parmodulin-2 demonstrate distinct antagonistic properties. Their study provides detailed insight in the signaling mechanisms downstream of PAR1. [Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol] Abstract Activation of Liver X Receptor Suppresses Angiogenesis via Induction of ApoD The authors examined the effects of T0901317, a potent liver X receptor agonist, on angiogenesis of HUVECs. Treatment with T0901317 inhibited the tube formation and migration of HUVECs as well as reduced the in vivo angiogenesis determined by chorioallantoic membrane assay. [FASEB J] Abstract Endothelial phenotype cells generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells formed cell networks in co-culture with fibroblasts. The levels of plasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamines (38:5) and (38:4) increased during differentiation of endothelial cells, while sphingomyelin levels decreased transiently. [Sci Rep] Full Article Scientists showed that miR-204 promotes vascular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and endothelial dysfunction by targeting the Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) lysine deacetylase. Pharmacologic ER stress induced by tunicamycin upregulated miR-204 and downregulated Sirt1 in the vascular wall/endothelium in vivo and in endothelial cells in vitro. [Sci Rep] Full Article The authors used amino acid alignments and molecular modeling to demonstrate that secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) interaction with frizzled-5 (FZD5) is typical of Wnt/FZD family members. Functional knock-down studies revealed that FZD5 is necessary for SFRP2-induced tube formation and intracellular calcium flux in endothelial cells. [Angiogenesis] Abstract Researchers investigated whether nerve growth factor (NGF) can protect gastric microvascular endothelial cells (GECs) from injury by indomethacin (INDO) and the mechanisms involved. Treatment with INDO reduced GEC viability and in vitro angiogenesis and induced mitochondrial injury and mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. [Cell Signal] Abstract Investigators examined whether varenicline promotes migration of HUVECs using the Boyden chamber assay. Varenicline markedly promoted migration of HUVECs and decreased expression of vascular endothelial-cadherin, an endothelial adhesion molecule. [Toxicology] Abstract | |
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REVIEWSOrganotypic Vasculature: From Descriptive Heterogeneity to Functional Pathophysiology The authors cover recent advances in the biology of organotypically differentiated microvascular beds. They describe the key features of continuous, discontinuous, and sinusoidal endothelial cells (ECs), as well as the more specialized ECs of Schlemm’s canal and high endothelial venules. [Science] Abstract Scientists provide a summary of the different applications of endothelial progenitor cells and cardiac progenitor cells for cardiovascular cell therapy and underlie their advantages and limitations. [Pharmacol Ther] Abstract Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Multiple Myeloma Neovascularization: A Brick to the Wall The bone marrow microenvironment and the mechanisms associated to the development of the neovasculature promoted by endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are discussed in detail in both a non-pathological scenario and in multiple myeloma (MM). The latest developments in therapy targeting the vasculature and EPCs in MM are also highlighted. [Angiogenesis] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the endothelial cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSOutstanding Investigator Grant Awarded to Dario C. Altieri, M.D., Wistar President and CEO The Wistar Institute announced that distinguished scientist Dario C. Altieri, M.D., Wistar president and CEO and director of the Institute’s Cancer Center, has been awarded an Outstanding Investigator Grant by the National Institutes of Health for high-caliber research exploring “tumor plasticity”. This highly coveted NCI program grant totals nearly $8 million over seven years. [The Wistar Institute] Press Release EUSA Pharma announced that the European Commission has licensed FOTIVDA® for the management of adult patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the European Union plus Norway and Iceland. Tivozanib is indicated for the first line treatment of adult patients with advanced RCC and for adult patients who are vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and mTOR pathway inhibitor-naïve following disease progression after one prior treatment with cytokine therapy for advanced RCC. [EUSA Pharma] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSFDA Warns US Stem Cell Clinic of Significant Deviations The FDA posted a warning letter issued to US Stem Cell Clinic of Sunrise, Florida, and its Chief Scientific Officer Kristin Comella for marketing stem cell products without FDA approval and for significant deviations from current good manufacturing practice requirements, including some that could impact the sterility of their products, putting patients at risk. [U.S. Food and Drug Administration] Editorial Leaked Documents Expose Long-Standing Gender Tensions at Salk Institute Senior female faculty at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies raise more than twice as much in National Institutes of Health funding for scientists working in their labs as their male counterparts, according to a 2016 internal report on “faculty issues” requested by leaders of the San Diego, California institution. Yet Salk leaders favored male scientists by granting them greater access to internal funds and other resources, the report implies, echoing gender discrimination lawsuits filed last month against the research center. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Biomedical Ph.D. Program at Major Research University Drops GRE Requirement for Admission The University of Michigan’s biomedical sciences graduate program announced that it will no longer require GRE scores for its Ph.D. admissions. Following a review of the available evidence and a public discussion involving the program’s faculty, staff, and trainees, the exam’s ability to predict student performance seems “weak at best” while it significantly disadvantages women, minorities, and students from low socioeconomic backgrounds, writes Scott Barolo, director of the Program in Biomedical Sciences, in the announcement. [Science Careers] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)-European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) 2017 Meeting Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESPostdoctoral Fellowship – Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Function (University of Iowa) Postdoctoral Position – Vascular Biology Relating to Cardiovascular Diseases (University of Hawaii) Postdoctoral Position – Biology of Blood Platelets (INSERM) Postdoctoral Fellow – Structural Biology (Karolinska Institutet) Tenure-Track Faculty Scientist – Metabolic Disease (Temple University) Assistant Professor – Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (Harvard University) Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Tissue Repair (The University of Alabama) Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Drug Discovery and Cell Therapy (Inserm) Assistant Professor – Vascular and Microvascular Biophysics (Western University) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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