Valproic Acid Confers Functional Pluripotency to Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells in a Transgene-Free Approach Researchers show that c-KIT+ human first-trimester amniotic fluid stem cells can be fully reprogrammed to pluripotency without ectopic factors, by culture on Matrigel in human embryonic stem cell medium supplemented with the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid. [Mol Ther] Full Article | Press Release Priming of Late Endothelial Progenitor Cells with Erythropoietin before Transplantation Requires the CD131 Receptor Subunit and Enhances Their Angiogenic Potential The authors postulated that priming endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC) by adding epoetin α in culture medium prior to experiments might increase their angiogenic properties. They also explored the role of the CD131 subunit in erythropoietin priming of ECFC. [J Thromb Haemost] Abstract Phase II Trial of Parathyroid Hormone following Double Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation Patients received either a myeloablative or a reduced intensity double umbilical cord blood transplantation followed by parathyroid hormone (PTH) at 100 μg daily for 28 days. At the dose and schedule studied, there was no evidence that PTH influenced blood count recovery. [Biol Blood Marrow Transplant] Abstract Fluid Shear Stress Induces Differentiation of Circulating Phenotype Endothelial Progenitor Cells When floating-circulating phenotype endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from ex vivo expanded human cord blood were exposed to controlled levels of shear stress in a flow-loading device, the bioactivities of adhesion, migration, proliferation, anti-apoptosis, tube formation, and differentiated type of EPC colony formation increased. [Am J Physiol Cell Physiol] Abstract The Effects of Two Mesenchymal Cell Populations on Hepatocytes and Lymphocytes Scientists cocultured human umbilical cord perivascular cells, or bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cells, with rat hepatocytes, or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), in order to identify their effects on hepatocyte functionality and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated PBMC proliferation. [Liver Transpl] Abstract Whatever Their Differentiation Status, Human Progenitor Derived – Or Mature – Endothelial Cells Induce Osteoblastic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Researchers confirmed that endothelial cells (ECs) induce osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Moreover, human umbilical vein endothelial cells can be replaced by progenitor-derived ECs, the latter being of great interest in tissue engineering. [J Tissue Eng Regen Med] Abstract Systematic Assessment in an Animal Model of the Angiogenic Potential of Different Human Cell Sources for Therapeutic Revascularization CD34+ cells from mobilized peripheral blood or umbilical cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cells were the only cells to promote new vessel growth, but did not incorporate into vessels. Only endothelial outgrowth cells incorporated into vessels, but these did not promote vessel growth. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Abstract | Full Article Association of SIRT1 Expression with Shear Stress Induced Endothelial Progenitor Cell Differentiation Human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were exposed to laminar shear stress of 15 dyn/cm2 by parallel plate flow chamber system. Shear stress enhanced EPC differentiation toward endothelial cells while inhibiting differentiation to smooth muscle cells. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract  |