Immune Regulation News Volume 8.18 | May 20 2016

TOP STORY

Access of Protective Antiviral Antibody to Neuronal Tissues Requires CD4 T-Cell Help

The authors examined the mechanism by which antibodies gain access to neuronal tissues to control infection. Using a mouse model of genital herpes infection, they demonstrated that both antibodies and CD4 T cells are required to protect the host after immunization at a distal site. [Nature] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

TREM2 Haplodeficiency in Mice and Humans Impairs the Microglia Barrier Function Leading to Decreased Amyloid Compaction and Severe Axonal Dystrophy

The authors used high-resolution confocal and super-resolution microscopy in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like mice and human AD tissue. They found that microglia processes, rich in TREM2, tightly surround early amyloid fibrils and plaques promoting their compaction and insulation. [Neuron] Abstract | Press Release

Instability of Helios-Deficient Tregs Is Associated with Conversion to a T-Effector Phenotype and Enhanced Antitumor Immunity

Scientists showed that targeted deletion of the Helios transcription factor within CD4 regulatory T cells (Tregs) promotes instability and effector cell conversion of Tregs in tumors and increased antitumor immunity. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract | Press Release

Oral CD103⁻CD11b⁺ Classical Dendritic Cells Present Sublingual Antigen and Induce Foxp3⁺ Regulatory T Cells in Draining Lymph Nodes

Scientists showed that the sublingual application of ovalbumin induced antigen-specific Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells in draining submandibular lymph nodes. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract

The Immunosupressive Effect of CTLA4Ig Is Treg-Dependent at Low, but Not at High Doses

Researchers investigated the effects of B7.1/2-targeted costimulation blockade (CTLA4Ig) monotherapy in a fully mismatched heart transplant model. [Am J Transplant] Abstract

CD23 Can Negatively Regulate B-Cell Receptor Signaling

Researchers examined the expression of CD23 in different subsets of peripheral B cells and the impact of CD23 expression on the early events of B-cell receptor activation using CD23 knockout mice. [Sci Rep] Full Article

LRRK1 Is Critical in the Regulation of B-Cell Responses and CARMA1-Dependent NF-κB Activation

Investigators discovered a critical function of leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 (LRRK1) in B-cell receptor-mediated immune responses. Lrrk1^−/− mice exhibited altered B1a-cell development and basal immunoglobulin production. [Sci Rep] Full Article

ERβ in CD4⁺ T Cells Is Crucial for Ligand-Mediated Suppression of Central Nervous System Autoimmunity

Scientists showed that the synthetic estrogen receptor (ER)β-specific ligand 4-(2-phenyl-5,7-bis[trifluoromethyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)phenol reversed established paralysis and CNS inflammation, characterized by a dramatic suppression of pathogenic Th responses as well as induction of IL-10–producing regulatory CD4⁺ T cell subsets in vivo. [J Immunol] Abstract

The Composition of Immune Cells Serves as a Predictor of Adaptive Immunity in a Cohort of 50- to 74-Year-Old Adults

To date, there are no assays or methods to predict or explain variations in an individual’s level of response to influenza vaccination. Researchers measured levels of several immune cell subsets at baseline (Day 0) and at Days 3 and 28 post-vaccination using flow cytometry. [Immunology] Full Article | Press Release

BAFF Upregulates CD28/B7 and CD40/CD154 Expression and Promotes Mouse T and B Cell Interaction In Vitro via BAFF Receptor

Investigators examined whether and how B cell-activating factor belonging to the TNF family (BAFF) mediated the interaction between mouse T and B cells in vitro. [Acta Pharmacol Sin] Abstract

Depletion of Major Pathogenic Cells in Asthma by Targeting CRTh2

Scientists present a strategy to concomitantly deplete Th2 T cells, eosinophils, basophils, and type-2 innate lymphoid cells by generating monoclonal antibodies with enhanced effector function that target CRTh2 present on all four cell types. [JCI Insight] Full Article | Press Release

Understanding Autoimmunity of Vitiligo and Alopecia Areata

The identification of IFNγ-driven immune signaling pathways has enabled discoveries of potential new treatments for vitiligo and alopecia areata, and supports initiation of larger clinical trials. [Curr Opin Pediatr] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

Trillium Therapeutics Announces Presentation on TTI-621 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Targeting CD47

Trillium Therapeutics Inc. will present its TTI-621 (SIRPaFc) immune checkpoint inhibitor program. [Press release from Trillium Therapeutics Inc. discussing research to be presented at 2016 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting, Chicago] Press Release

Daratumumab and Ofatumumab Data to Be Presented

Genmab A/S announced that data on daratumumab and ofatumumab will be presented. [Press release from Genmab A/S discussing research to be presented at 21^st Congress of the European Hematology Association (EHA), Copenhagen] Press Release

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Abpro Announces Agreements with Two Boston Hospitals to Co-Develop Therapeutics for Inflammation, Autoimmunity, Fibrosis and Oncology

Abpro announced co-development agreements with Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, two of the country’s leading academic medical centers. [Abpro (Business Wire)] Press Release

Pelican Therapeutics Awarded $15.2 Million to Develop Novel Immune Therapy for Multiple Cancers

Pelican Therapeutics announced that it won a $15,245,222 million New Company Product Development Award from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas. The award will enable Pelican to develop agonists directed at TNFRSF25, a recently discovered T cell costimulator for immuno-oncology indications. [Pelican Therapeutics (PR Newsire Association LLC)] Press Release

NEW 2016 National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) Cancer Conference
November 06-09, 2016
Liverpool, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the immune regulation community.

NEW Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Transforming Growth Factor β on the Regulation of T Cell Response (Inserm)

Research Technologist – T Cell Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Senior Scientist – Immunology and Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Post Doctoral Research – Fellow Thymic and Immune Regeneration (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (New York University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Regulation of γδ T Cell Phenotype and Trafficking in Breast Cancer Metastasis (Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute)

Faculty Positions – Microbiology and Immunology (National University of Singapore)

PhD Positions – Cancer Research (German Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Researchers – Tumor Immunology and Cancer Immunotherapy (University of California, Los Angeles)

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