Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 10.14 | Apr 10 2018

TOP STORY

CDH4 Is a Novel Determinant of Osteosarcoma Tumorigenesis and Metastasis

Researchers identified CDH4 amplification in 43.6% of human osteosarcoma using array CGH and demonstrated its critical role in osteosarcoma development and progression. Gain or loss-of-function of CDH4, which encodes R-cadherin, causally impacted multiple features of human osteosarcoma cells including cell migration and invasion, osteogenic differentiation, and stemness. [Oncogene] Abstract

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IN VITRO

Linc-ROR Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Functioning as a Competing Endogenous RNA for miR-138 and miR-145

Linc-ROR was found to be upregulated during osteogenesis of human bone-marrow-derived MSCs. Ectopic expression of linc-ROR significantly accelerated, whereas knockdown of linc-ROR suppressed, osteoblast differentiation. Using bioinformatic prediction and luciferase reporter assays, the authors demonstrated that linc-ROR functioned as a miRNA sponge for miR-138 and miR-145, both of which were negative regulators of osteogenesis. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Full Article

Preparation of High Bioactivity Multilayered Bone-Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheet for Myocardial Infarction Using a 3D-Dynamic System

In order to enhance cell sheet mechanical strength and bioactivity, a decellularized porcine pericardium (DPP) scaffold was prepared by the phospholipase A2 method, and aspartic acid was used as a spacer arm to improve the vascular endothelial growth factor crosslink efficiency on the DPP scaffold. [Acta Biomater] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

In Vitro Evaluation of MgSr and MgCaSr Alloys via Direct Culture with Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Degradation and cytocompatibility of four binary MgSr alloys and four ternary MgCaSr alloys were investigated and compared via direct culture with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The influence of the alloy composition on the degradation rates were studied and compared. [Acta Biomater] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Influence of Cholesterol/Caveolin-1/Caveolae Homeostasis on Membrane Properties and Substrate Adhesion Characteristics of Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Scientists examined the effects of perturbations in cholesterol/caveolin-1 (CAV-1)/caveolae homeostasis on the membrane properties and adhesive characteristics of MSCs. Cholesterol supplementation to MSCs increased membrane cholesterol, and resulted in decreased membrane fluidity and localization of elevated numbers of caveolae and CAV-1 to the cell membrane. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

Micro/Nano Structural Tantalum Coating for Enhanced Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Stem Cells

To improve its osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs), a micro/nano structure has been fabricated on the tantalum coating surface through the combination of anodic oxidation and plasma spraying method. The effects of hierarchical structures as well as micro-porous structure of tantalum coating on the behavior for hBMSCs were evaluated and compared at both cellular and molecular levels in vitro. [Materials (Basel)] Full Article

IN VIVO

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Encapsulated into Biomimetic Hydrogel Scaffold Gradually Release CCL2 Chemokine In Situ Preserving Cytoarchitecture and Promoting Functional Recovery in Spinal Cord Injury

Among different mediators secreted by MSCs after seeding into hydrogel, investigators have found CCL2 chemokine, which could account for the neuroprotective mechanisms of these cells. Human CCL2 delivered also plays a key role in preventing motor neuron degeneration in vitro and after spinal cord trauma in vivo, with a significant improvement of the motor performance of the rodent spinal cord injury models. [J Control Release] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

The Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Vascular Cells Regulated by the HMGB1/RAGE Axis: Its Application in Cell Therapy for Transplant Arteriosclerosis

Investigators assessed the capacity for cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation after vector transfection in vitro and in a rat model of transplant arteriosclerosis. The expression of CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin was determined to evaluate the differentiation of MSCs to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Exosome-Enhanced Regulatory T-Cell Production through an Antigen-Presenting Cell-Mediated Pathway

The authors report that MSC exosome-induced production of CD4⁺CD25⁺ T cells or CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺ regulatory T-cells from CD4⁺ T cells activated by allogeneic antigen-presenting cell-enriched CD11C⁺ cells but not those activated by anti-CD3/CD28 mAbs. [Cytotherapy] Full Article

Isolation of a Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Like Population from Human Adrenal Cortex

The formation of colony forming unit-fibroblasts comprising of adherent cells with fibroblast-like morphology were observed from the monolayer cell culture, in both complete growth medium and mesenchymal stem cell growth promotion medium (MGPM). Cells derived from MGPM revealed differentiation toward osteogenic and adipogenic cell lineages. [Endocr Connect] Abstract

Intercellular Mitochondria Trafficking Highlighting the Dual Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Both Sensors and Rescuers of Tissue Injury

The authors give an overview of the current knowledge on MSC-dependent intercellular mitochondria trafficking and further discuss the recent findings on the intercellular mitochondria transfer between differentiated and mesenchymal stem cells, their biological significance and the mechanisms underlying this process. [Cell Cycle] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

Creative Medical Technology Holdings Announces Superior Immune Modulatory of AmnioStem Stem Cells Compared to Other Stem Cell Types

Creative Medical Technology Holdings announced new data demonstrating superior immune modulatory ability of its AmnioStem^™ stem cell product when compared head-to-head with bone marrow, adipose tissue, and placental tissue mesenchymal stem cells. [Creative Medical Technology Holdings (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

AlloSource and Stryker Launch ProChondrix CR Cryopreserved Osteochondral Allograft

AlloSource and Stryker announced the launch of ProChondrix^® CR, a cryopreserved osteochondral allograft. ProChondrix CR is a single-stage, natural solution for patients in need of articular cartilage repair. [AlloSource] Press Release

Web of Science Owner Buys Tool that Offers One-Click Access to Journal Articles

The owner of the large scholarly search engine Web of Science — Clarivate Analytics — has bought a start-up company whose tool gives researchers one-click, legal access to journal articles even when off campus. [Nature News] Editorial

India Creates Unique Tiered System to Punish Plagiarism

The Indian government has adopted its first regulations on academic plagiarism—rules that some researchers say are too lenient and others fear go too far and will be difficult to implement. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Got Data? Survey of 2017 March for Science Doesn’t Make the Grade

A group of researchers has released the first results of a large survey of those who participated in and supported last year’s March for Science. Some social scientists say the analysis is fundamentally flawed and reflects poorly on an organization that champions scientific rigor. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Science’s Vast Gender Pay Gap Revealed in UK Wage Data

Many UK science employers pay women much less than men, and some institutions are far less equal than others, according to an analysis conducted by Nature of statistics released last week. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 11^th American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)-Japanese Cancer Association (JCA) Joint Conference
February 8-12, 2019
Maui, Hawaii, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Assistant Professor – Regenerative Medicine (University of California, San Diego)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration (University of South Dakota)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Bone Biology (Cornell University)

Postdoctoral Positions – Bioengineering (George Washington University)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Skeletal Stem Cell Biology (Johns Hopkins University)

Faculty Position – Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (University of Illinois)

Postodoctoral Fellowship – Cell and Molecular Biology (Canadian Nuclear Laboratories)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Cell Biology (University of Pennsylvania)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Bone Biology and Osteoimmunology (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Full Professor Position – Cell and Developmental Biology (Max F. Perutz Laboratories)

Lectureship – Stem Cell Biology (University of Edinburgh)

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