LABORATORY RESEARCH DAB2IP Regulates Cancer Stem Cell Phenotypes through Modulating Stem Cell Factor Receptor and ZEB1 DAB2IP is able to inhibit c-kit-PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway that increases c-myc protein to activate ZEB1 gene expression leading to the elevated cancer stem cell phenotypes. Elevated expression of ZEB1 and CD117 were found in the prostate basal cell population of DAB2IP knockout mice. [Oncogene] Abstract Important Role of SUMOylation of Spliceosome Factors in Prostate Cancer Cells Researchers identified the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)proteome of PC3 cells and revealed that SUMOylation of spliceosome factors may be implicated in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. [J Proteome Res] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Antiproliferative Activity of Novel Imidazopyridine Derivatives on Castration-Resistant Human Prostate Cancer Cells Antiproliferative activities of novel imidazopyridines were compared. Among three derivatives, PHE, AMD and AMN, examined, AMD showed the highest inhibitory activity on LNCaP C-81 cell proliferation, following dose- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, AMD exhibited significant antiproliferative effect against a panel of prostate cancer cells, but not normal prostate epithelial cells. [Cancer Lett] Abstract Redirection of CD4+ and CD8+ T Lymphocytes via a Novel Antibody-Based Modular Targeting System Triggers Efficient Killing of PSCA+ Prostate Tumor Cells Researchers describe a novel modular system for treatment of prostate cancer by retargeting of T cells to the prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA). Functionality of the novel PSCA-specific modular system was investigated in vitro by T cell activation and chromium release assays as well as in immunodeficient mice. [Prostate] Abstract Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Prostate-Like Epithelial Cells In Vivo Researchers report that when human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were combined with rat urogenital sinus stromal cells and transplanted into the renal capsule in vivo, they could differentiate into prostate epithelial-like cells that could be verified by prostate epithelial cell-specific markers including the prostate specific antigen. [PLoS One] Full Article Inhibition of the Androgen Receptor by Mineralocorticoids at Levels Physiologically Achieved in Serum in Patients Treated with Abiraterone Acetate Scientists elucidated the biological significance of elevated mineralocorticoid levels on androgen receptor activity in prostate cancer cells. [Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis] Abstract Targeting SMAD3 for Inhibiting Prostate Cancer Metastasis Scientists found that the MMP9 level, an indicator of the invasiveness of cancer cells, negatively correlates with the activity of phosphorylated SMAD3 levels in the prostate cancer patients. Augmented phosphorylated SMAD3 inhibited MMP9 and invasiveness of PC3 cells, while inhibition of phosphorylated SMAD3 activated MMP9 and promoted PC3 cell invasiveness. [Tumor Biol] Abstract CLINICAL RESEARCH Primary Gleason Grade 4 at the Positive Margin Is Associated with Metastasis and Death Among Patients with Gleason 7 Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy Investigators evaluated the association of primary Gleason grade at the site of positive surgical margin (PSM) with subsequent clinical progression and mortality among patients with Gleason score 7 prostate cancer. [Eur Urol] Abstract Clinical Activity of Enzalutamide versus Docetaxel in Men with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Progressing after Abiraterone Investigators evaluated the clinical activity of enzalutamide versus docetaxel in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who progressed on abiraterone [Prostate] Abstract |